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陈红菊, 张轩, 许高朋, 姚智磊, 赵燕, 王慧, 季相山. 副溶血弧菌高效消毒剂的筛选及PHMG防治对虾AHPNS的应用研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(2): 252-260. DOI: 10.7541/2020.030
引用本文: 陈红菊, 张轩, 许高朋, 姚智磊, 赵燕, 王慧, 季相山. 副溶血弧菌高效消毒剂的筛选及PHMG防治对虾AHPNS的应用研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(2): 252-260. DOI: 10.7541/2020.030
CHEN Hong-Ju, ZHANG Xuan, XU Gao-Peng, YAO Zhi-Lei, ZHAO Yan, WANG Hui, JI Xiang-Shan. SCREEN OF DISINFECTANT AGAINST VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AND THE APPLICABLE EVALUATION OF PHMG IN PREVENTING LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI AHPNS[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2020, 44(2): 252-260. DOI: 10.7541/2020.030
Citation: CHEN Hong-Ju, ZHANG Xuan, XU Gao-Peng, YAO Zhi-Lei, ZHAO Yan, WANG Hui, JI Xiang-Shan. SCREEN OF DISINFECTANT AGAINST VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AND THE APPLICABLE EVALUATION OF PHMG IN PREVENTING LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI AHPNS[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2020, 44(2): 252-260. DOI: 10.7541/2020.030

副溶血弧菌高效消毒剂的筛选及PHMG防治对虾AHPNS的应用研究

SCREEN OF DISINFECTANT AGAINST VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS AND THE APPLICABLE EVALUATION OF PHMG IN PREVENTING LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI AHPNS

  • 摘要: 为寻找凡纳滨对虾急性肝胰腺坏死综合症(AHPNS)重要致病菌——副溶血弧菌的高效低毒消毒剂, 选取了包括苯扎溴铵、聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(PHMG)等22种水产或医学上常用的消毒剂, 比较分析其对副溶血弧菌的杀灭效果。悬液定量杀菌试验发现, 22种消毒剂中PHMG对副溶血弧菌的杀灭效果最好。接着, 进一步分析PHMG的有效杀菌浓度, 结果显示, PHMG浓度达到0.2 mg/L时作用48h即能100%地杀死副溶血弧菌。对7种常见病原菌和凝结芽孢杆菌的杀灭试验显示, PHMG对弧菌的杀灭效果最好, 0.5 mg/L PHMG能100%地杀灭四种弧菌, 对迟钝爱德华菌、嗜水气单胞菌和海豚链球菌的杀灭效果较差, 对凝结芽孢杆菌的杀灭效果最差。急性毒性试验得出PHMG 24h的LC50=80.28 mg/L; 48h的LC50=23.32 mg/L, 安全浓度SC=0.59 mg/L。对攻毒副溶血弧菌凡纳滨对虾的保护试验显示, PHMG浓度达到0.5 mg/L时, 24h对对虾的相对保护率达(77.78±5.01)%左右, 且与三个高浓度组相对保护率差异不显著。随着PHMG浓度的升高, 凡纳滨对虾肝胰腺所含副溶血弧菌数量明显减少, 48h后1.1及1.4 mg/L组副溶血弧菌数量降为0。降解试验结果显示: 0.5 mg/L的PHMG在第5、第6天浓度有所下降, 1 mg/L的PHMG在试验7d中基本保持稳定。研究证明了PHMG具有高效、低毒、低降解的特性, 是防治凡纳滨对虾AHPNS的理想消毒剂。

     

    Abstract: To find a highly effective and low-toxic disinfectant on Vibrio parahaemolyticus, twenty-two kinds of disinfectants including commonly used benzalkonium bromide and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) in the field of aquaculture and medicine were used for evaluating the killing ability on Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The results showed that the germicidal efficacy of PHMG had the best germicidal efficacy among 22 disinfectants against V. parahaemolyticus. The results indicated that 100% of V. parahaemolyticus was killed when the PHMG concentration reached 0.2 mg/L. The killing effects for 7 common pathogens and 1 probiotic (Bacillus coagulans) indicated that PHMG had high efficacy in killing Vibrio, modest ability in killing Streptococcus iniae etc., and the worst killing efficacy on B. coagulans. The acute toxicity test showed that the LC50 of PHMG was 80.28 mg/L at 24h and 23.32 mg/L at 48h, and the safety concentration (SC) was 0.59 mg/L. The protective test of PHMG for L. vannamei infected by V. parahaemolyticus showed that the survival rate of L. vannamei was (77.78±5.01)% when the PHMG reached 0.5 mg/L, and there was no significant difference with the other three high-density groups. With the increase of PHMG concentration, the number of V. parahaemolyticus in hepatopancreas decreased significantly, and the number of V. parahaemolyticus in 1.1 mg/L and 1.4 mg/L groups decreased to 0 after 48h. The results of the PHMG degradation test showed that 0.5 mg/L PHMG slightly decreased on the 5th and 6th days, and 1 mg/L PHMG was generally stable during the experiment of the 7d. This study demonstrated that PHMG has the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity and low degradation, and is an ideal disinfectant for preventing L. vannamei AHPNS infected by V. parahaemolyticus.

     

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