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何勇凤, 朱永久, 龚进玲, 朱挺兵, 吴兴兵, 李学梅, 孟子豪, 杨德国. 金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼遗传多样性与种群历史动态分析[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022, 46(1): 37-47. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.255
引用本文: 何勇凤, 朱永久, 龚进玲, 朱挺兵, 吴兴兵, 李学梅, 孟子豪, 杨德国. 金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼遗传多样性与种群历史动态分析[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022, 46(1): 37-47. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.255
HE Yong-Feng, ZHU Yong-Jiu, GONG Jin-Ling, ZHU Ting-Bing, WU Xing-Bing, LI Xue-Mei, MENG Zi-Hao, YANG De-Guo. GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DEMOGRAPHY OF COREIUS GUICHENOTI FROM THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE JINSHA RIVER[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 46(1): 37-47. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.255
Citation: HE Yong-Feng, ZHU Yong-Jiu, GONG Jin-Ling, ZHU Ting-Bing, WU Xing-Bing, LI Xue-Mei, MENG Zi-Hao, YANG De-Guo. GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DEMOGRAPHY OF COREIUS GUICHENOTI FROM THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE JINSHA RIVER[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 46(1): 37-47. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.255

金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼遗传多样性与种群历史动态分析

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DEMOGRAPHY OF COREIUS GUICHENOTI FROM THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE JINSHA RIVER

  • 摘要: 以线粒体Cyt bCOⅠ基因作为分子标记, 对金沙江中下游江段的圆口铜鱼进行遗传多样性和种群历史动态分析。结果显示, 393尾圆口铜鱼样本共检测出91个串联基因序列单倍型, 呈现较高的单倍型多样性(0.936±0.006)和较低的核苷酸多样性(0.00489±0.00009); 基于单倍型构建的分子系统发育树及Median-joining网络关系图表明, 金沙江中下游的圆口铜鱼单倍型不呈现明显的地理分布格局, 但呈现出3个较明显的单倍型谱系分支(Clade 1、Clade 2和Clade 3), 出现Clade 1谱系分支的时间大约在3.66 Ma, 出现Clade 2和Clade 3谱系分支的时间大约在2.93 Ma; 分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼的遗传差异主要来自不同地理群体内(占96.62%)和不同谱系分支间(占81.29%), 不同地理群体间和不同谱系分支内部的遗传差异分别约占3.38%和18.71%; 金沙江中下游不同地理群体间的遗传分化指数(Fst)为–0.008—0.045, 除屏山群体与其他群体间未达到显著水平外, 其他两两群体间均达到低等显著分化水平(Fst<0.05, P<0.05), 但3个谱系分支之间呈现极大遗传分化水平(Fst>0.25, P<0.001); 中性检验、错配分析及BSP(Bayesian Skyline Plot)分析表明, 金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼野生群体在近期发生过种群扩张现象, 扩张时间大约在0.0007—0.0004 Ma。综合分析表明, 青藏高原隆升和全新世小冰川时期冰川的演化在金沙江圆口铜鱼种群历史动态方面发挥了重要影响作用。因此, 为了更好地保护圆口铜鱼野生资源, 作者建议特别关注金沙江中下游圆口铜鱼3个线粒体DNA谱系分支, 并用于有效指导养殖生产。

     

    Abstract: Genetic diversity and population demography of Coreius guichenoti from the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River were investigated using mitochondrial DNA Cyt b gene and CO I gene sequences. The results showed that 91 haplotypes were identified from 393 individuals based on concatenated sequences, with relatively high haplotype diversity of (0.936±0.006) and low nucleotide diversity of (0.00489±0.00009). Phylogenetic trees and median-joining Network based on haplotypes indicate that all haplotypes from the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River were mixed with each other according to their geographical distribution, but exhibited three distinct haplotype lineages (Clade 1, Clade 2 and Clade 3). Clade 1 diverged at about 3.66 Ma, while Clade 2 and Clade 3 diverged at about 2.93 Ma. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the larger genetic variances were within different geographical locations (96.62%) and between different haplotype lineages (81.29%), while the lesser genetic variance were between different geographical locations (3.38%) and within different haplotype lineages (18.71%). Pairwise comparisons of genetic differentiation index (Fst) among different populations ranged from –0.008 to 0.045. Except for the insignificant Fst value between PS and other locations, significant but low Fst were investigated between other two locations (Fst<0.05, P<0.05). In contrary, significant maximum genetic differentiation level was revealed between three haplotype lineages (Fst>0.25, P<0.001). Neutrality test, mismatch distribution and Bayesian Skyline Plot (BSP) all revealed that wild populations of C. guichenoti from the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River may have experienced the population expansion event. It may happen at 0.0007—0.0004 Ma during the Holocene small glaciers period. It suggests that the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the evolution of glaciers during Holocene small glaciers period may play important effect on the population demography of C. guichenoti in the Jinsha River. In order to better protect the wild resources of C. guichenoti, it was suggested to pay special attention to the three haplotype lineages of C. guichenoti in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River for guiding its culture production.

     

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