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李秦蕾, 刘香, 张宁, 夏静怡, 郑雪丽, 夏继刚. 两种生态相关猎物鱼个性的种间差异及其捕食者效应[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022, 46(6): 788-795. DOI: 10.7541/2022.2021.0348
引用本文: 李秦蕾, 刘香, 张宁, 夏静怡, 郑雪丽, 夏继刚. 两种生态相关猎物鱼个性的种间差异及其捕食者效应[J]. 水生生物学报, 2022, 46(6): 788-795. DOI: 10.7541/2022.2021.0348
LI Qin-Lei, LIU Xiang, ZHANG Ning, XIA Jing-Yi, ZHENG Xue-Li, XIA Ji-Gang. INTERSPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN THE PERSONALITIES OF TWO ECOLOGICALLY RELATED PREY FISH AND THE EFFECTS OF THEIR PREDATOR[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 46(6): 788-795. DOI: 10.7541/2022.2021.0348
Citation: LI Qin-Lei, LIU Xiang, ZHANG Ning, XIA Jing-Yi, ZHENG Xue-Li, XIA Ji-Gang. INTERSPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN THE PERSONALITIES OF TWO ECOLOGICALLY RELATED PREY FISH AND THE EFFECTS OF THEIR PREDATOR[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 46(6): 788-795. DOI: 10.7541/2022.2021.0348

两种生态相关猎物鱼个性的种间差异及其捕食者效应

INTERSPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN THE PERSONALITIES OF TWO ECOLOGICALLY RELATED PREY FISH AND THE EFFECTS OF THEIR PREDATOR

  • 摘要: 为探究不同猎物鱼个性的种间差异及其捕食者效应, 实验以乌鳢(Channa argus)为天然的捕食者, 选取自然界通常形成混合种群的高体鳑鲏(Rhodeus ocellatus)和麦穗鱼(Pseudorasbora parva)作为猎物鱼, 设置有捕食者和无捕食者处理组开展同质园实验; 之后, 分别测定了经历捕食环境处理的两种猎物鱼的探索性、活跃性和勇敢性3类个性特征, 分析两种猎物鱼个性特征的种间差异及其环境依赖性。结果发现: (1)高体鳑鲏和麦穗鱼个性存在显著的种间差异, 不管是否经历捕食者处理, 高体鳑鲏的探索性、活跃性和勇敢性均显著强于麦穗鱼(P<0.05); (2)捕食者处理导致高体鳑鲏和麦穗鱼探索性和勇敢性有增强的趋势, 但对二者的活跃性均无显著影响(P>0.05); (3)捕食者处理弱化了高体鳑鲏和麦穗鱼不同个性特征的种间差异, 强化了各自不同个性特征的偶联。结果提示: 两种猎物鱼个性特征的种间差异显著且均具有捕食者效应, 有捕食者环境下两种猎物鱼个性特征的种间差异变小, 表现出趋同化适应的趋势。

     

    Abstract: Personality refers to the persistent and consistent behavioral differences among individuals in a population under different spatio-temporal conditions. Predator-prey interactions are common in nature, and predation environment is the main driving force for the evolution of prey phenotypes (e.g. personalities). To investigate interspecific differences in the personalities of prey fish species and the effects of their predator, Channa argus was used as the predator, Rhodeus ocellatus and Pseudorasbora parva, which usually form mixed populations in nature, were used as the prey fish in this study. The prey fish were exposed to predator treatment or no predator treatment for one month, using the common garden experiment. Subsequently, the personalities, including exploration, activity and boldness of two prey fish species were measured, and the interspecific differences of different personalities and their environmental dependence were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) There were significant interspecific differences in personality between the two prey fish species. The exploration, activity and boldness of R. ocellatus were significantly stronger than those of the P. parva, regardless of whether they had undergone predator treatment or not (P<0.05). (2) Predator experience led to enhanced exploration and boldness of two prey fish species but had no significant effect on the activity of both (P>0.05). (3) Predator attenuated the interspecific differences of different personalities between two prey fish species and strengthened the coupling of their individual different personalities. The results suggested that the personalities of the prey fish have significant differences between species and both have a predator effect. Predator experience leads to the decrease of interspecific differences in the personalities of the two prey fish species, showing a trend of convergent adaptation.

     

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