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柯添宏, 董智勇, 时博, 蔡林伟, 邬博文, 张月星. 分步真空喷涂硬脂鱼油可提高大口黑鲈高脂饲料的水中稳定性[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(11): 1725-1733. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0488
引用本文: 柯添宏, 董智勇, 时博, 蔡林伟, 邬博文, 张月星. 分步真空喷涂硬脂鱼油可提高大口黑鲈高脂饲料的水中稳定性[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(11): 1725-1733. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0488
KE Tian-Hong, DONG Zhi-Yong, SHI Bo, CAI Lin-Wei, WU Bo-Wen, ZHANG Yue-Xing. TOP-DRESSING OF FISH STEARIN OIL BY STEP-COATING PROCESS ELEVATES THE WATER STABILITY OF HIGH-FAT FEED FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS (MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(11): 1725-1733. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0488
Citation: KE Tian-Hong, DONG Zhi-Yong, SHI Bo, CAI Lin-Wei, WU Bo-Wen, ZHANG Yue-Xing. TOP-DRESSING OF FISH STEARIN OIL BY STEP-COATING PROCESS ELEVATES THE WATER STABILITY OF HIGH-FAT FEED FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS (MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(11): 1725-1733. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0488

分步真空喷涂硬脂鱼油可提高大口黑鲈高脂饲料的水中稳定性

TOP-DRESSING OF FISH STEARIN OIL BY STEP-COATING PROCESS ELEVATES THE WATER STABILITY OF HIGH-FAT FEED FOR LARGEMOUTH BASS (MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES)

  • 摘要: 为研究不同鱼油和真空喷涂方式对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)高脂饲料水中稳定性的影响, 参考了现阶段大口黑鲈商业配方并在接近商品饲料生产条件下制得1种膨化颗粒, 喷涂油脂为硬脂鱼油和冬化鱼油, 真空喷涂的方式分为直接喷涂和分步喷涂, 制得4组高脂实验饲料, 分别命名为: 冬化直喷组(冬化鱼油直接喷涂)、均混直喷组(冬化及硬脂鱼油均等混匀后直接喷涂)、“1/2”硬脂分喷组(“1/2”硬脂分步喷涂)和“1/3”硬脂分喷组(“1/3”硬脂分步喷涂)。在水温26℃且略带震荡的条件下分别浸泡10min、20min、40min、60min、90min和180min, 并测定相应的饲料水中稳定性。结果显示: 4组饲料的干物质、粗蛋白和粗脂肪溶失率均随浸泡时间延长而逐步升高, 浸泡180min后, 三者的平均溶失率分别达到了22.34%、10.26%和4.60%。在前60min浸泡时间内, 冬化直喷组表现最差, 其脂肪和干物质溶失率显著高于其余各组, “1/2”硬脂分喷组表现最佳, 其脂肪和干物质溶失率显著低于其余各组, 但各组间的粗蛋白溶失率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。浸泡90min后, “1/2”和“1/3”硬脂分喷组的粗脂肪溶失率显著低于冬化直喷组和均混直喷组, 但两个分喷组间无显著差异; “1/2”硬脂分喷组的干物质溶失率显著低于冬化直喷组, 但冬化直喷组、均混直喷组和“1/3”硬脂分喷组间无显著差异; 冬化直喷组的粗蛋白溶失率显著高于其余各组。浸泡180min后, 仅“1/2”硬脂分喷组的粗脂肪溶失率显著低于其余各组, 冬化直喷组的干物质和粗蛋白的溶失率均显著高于其余各组。通过进一步的比较分析, 结果表明: 提高喷涂油脂的饱和度、采用分步喷涂工艺及在分步喷涂时提高喷涂油脂中硬脂鱼油的占比都能显著降低饲料粗脂肪和干物质的溶失率, 进而提高大口黑鲈高脂饲料水中稳定性, 但以上因素均不影响饲料的粗蛋白溶失率。

     

    Abstract: The current study was aimed to test if step-vacuum coating with fish stearin oil can elevate the water-stability of high-fat feed for largemouth bass. A batch of uncoated pellet was obtained from a commercial extrusion line, based on the current practical feed formulation of largemouth bass. Four groups of high-fat experimental feed were prepared by direct vacuum coating or step-coating with fish stearin oil and winterized fish oil to the uncoated pellet from the same batch, and named as winterized fish oil direct-coating (WOD) group, homogenized fish oils direct-coating (HOD) group, “1/2” fish stearin oil top-dressing (“1/2” SOT) group and “1/3” fish stearin oil top-dressing (“1/3” SOT) group. The parameters on water stability of feed were measured after soaking in water for 10, 20, 40, 60, 90, and 180min. under the conditions of water temperature at 26℃ with slight oscillation respectively. The results showed that the loss rates of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and crude fat (CF) of each feed increased gradually with soaking time, and the average loss rates of DM, CP, and CF were 22.34%, 10.26% and 4.60%, respectively, after soaking for 180min. Soaking within 60min, the WOD group performed the worst, the loss rates of CF and DM were significantly higher than that of other groups, and the “1/2” SOT group performed the best, the loss rates of CF and DM were significantly lower than that of the other groups, while no significant difference was found in the loss rate of CP among all groups (P>0.05). After soaking for 90min, the CF loss of both “1/2” and “1/3” SOT groups were significantly lower than that of WOD and HOD groups, however, no significant difference was found between the two SOT groups. The DM loss of “1/2” SOT group was significantly lower than that of WOD group, but there was no significant difference among WOD, HOD, and “1/3” SOT groups. The loss of CP in WOD group was significantly higher than that of other groups. After soaking for 180min, the CF loss in “1/2” SOT group was significantly lower than that of the other groups, and the loss of DM and CP in WOD group were significantly higher than that of the other groups. Based on the comparative analysis furtherly, the results indicated that by increasing the saturation of oil for coating through blending the more saturated fish stearin oil with winterized fish oil, adopting the step-vacuum coating process to top-dress the fish stearin oil to feed pellet, or increasing the proportion of fish stearin oil for top-dressing was helpful to elevate the water stability of high-fat feed for largemouth bass. And each mean could effectively reduce the loss of CF and DM in the feed, but not the loss of CP.

     

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