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胡毅, 刘艳莉, 田芊芊, 石勇, 钟蕾, 周建成. 不同养殖密度下鱼粉水平对青鱼幼鱼生长及免疫的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(1): 75-84. DOI: 10.7541/2020.010
引用本文: 胡毅, 刘艳莉, 田芊芊, 石勇, 钟蕾, 周建成. 不同养殖密度下鱼粉水平对青鱼幼鱼生长及免疫的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2020, 44(1): 75-84. DOI: 10.7541/2020.010
HU Yi, LIU Yan-Li, TIAN Qian-Qian, SHI Yong, ZHONG Lei, ZHOU Jian-Cheng. EFFECTS OF FISH MEAL LEVELS ON GROWTH AND IMMUNITY OF BLACK CARP (MYLOPHARYNGODON PICEUS) IN DIFFERENT CULTURE DENSITIES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2020, 44(1): 75-84. DOI: 10.7541/2020.010
Citation: HU Yi, LIU Yan-Li, TIAN Qian-Qian, SHI Yong, ZHONG Lei, ZHOU Jian-Cheng. EFFECTS OF FISH MEAL LEVELS ON GROWTH AND IMMUNITY OF BLACK CARP (MYLOPHARYNGODON PICEUS) IN DIFFERENT CULTURE DENSITIES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2020, 44(1): 75-84. DOI: 10.7541/2020.010

不同养殖密度下鱼粉水平对青鱼幼鱼生长及免疫的影响

EFFECTS OF FISH MEAL LEVELS ON GROWTH AND IMMUNITY OF BLACK CARP (MYLOPHARYNGODON PICEUS) IN DIFFERENT CULTURE DENSITIES

  • 摘要: 为研究鱼粉水平和养殖密度对青鱼(Mylopharyngodon plceus)幼鱼生长及免疫的影响, 试验采用鱼粉水平(10%、20%)×养殖密度(50、100和200尾/箱)的双因素设计, 将青鱼幼鱼(2.50±0.02) g分为L50、L100、L200、H50、H100和H200 6组, 每组3个重复, 养殖试验在水库网箱(1.5 m×1.5 m×1.5 m)中进行。结果显示: (1)生长性能: 实验中期(第8周), 青鱼的增重率随养殖密度的增加呈先上升后下降趋势, 且H200组的青鱼增重率在养殖中期与L200组相比有提高的趋势, 但差异不显著(P>0.05), 在实验后期(第16周)显著低于L200组(P<0.05); L200的存活率低于L50组(P>0.05), 养殖密度和鱼粉水平对青鱼存活率与增重率有交互效应(P<0.05)。(2)免疫应激指标: 在实验中期, 低鱼粉组青鱼的溶菌酶(LSZ)、血糖(GLU)随密度的升高先下降后上升, 肠道分泌性免疫球蛋白A (S-IgA)有提高的趋势; H200组的LSZ、补体4 (C4)、免疫球蛋白M (IgM)、S-IgA和皮质醇(COR)含量均高于L200组, GLU低于L200组(P>0.05)。在实验后期, 高低鱼粉组的C4随密度的增加均呈下降后上升的趋势(P>0.05)。H200组的IgM和COR含量均高于L200组, GLU低于L200组(P>0.05)。综上所述, 在本实验条件下, 实验中期高密度养殖会使青鱼幼鱼生长性能有降低趋势, 对机体免疫、抗应激能力产生负面影响, 增加鱼粉水平有一定改善作用, 实验后期高密度养殖降低了低鱼粉饲料组青鱼的存活率, 提高鱼粉水平对高密度组青鱼生长性能和免疫功能无改善作用。

     

    Abstract: To study the effects of fishmeal level and stocking density on the growth and immunity of juvenile black carp, a two-factor design of fishmeal level (10%, 20%) × culture density (50, 100, 200 tails/box) was applied. The young black carp (2.50±0.02) g were divided into 6 groups of L50, L100, L200, H50, H100 and H200 with 3 replicates in each group using reservoir cages (1.5 m×1.5 m×1.5 m). In the early stage of experiment (week 8), the weight gain rate of black carp increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the stocking density, and the weight gain rate of the H200 group was higher than that of the L200 group (P>0.05), while it was significantly lower than that of the L200 group in the later stage (week 16) (P<0.05). The survival rate of the L200 group was lower than that of the L50 group (P>0.05). The stocking density and fishmeal levels showed an interactive effect on the survival rate and the weight gain rate (P<0.05). In the early stage, levels of lysozyme (LSZ) and serum glucose (GLU) of the low-fishmeal group decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of density, and intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) increased. The levels of LSZ, complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin M (IgM), S-IgA and cortisol (COR) of the H200 group were higher than those of the L200 group, while the GLU of the H200 group was lower than that of the L200 group (P>0.05). In the later stage, the level of C4 in the high and low fishmeal groups decreased at first and then increased with the increase of density (P>0.05). In the H200 group, the IgM and COR levels were higher than those of the L200 group, and the level of GLU was lower than that of the L200 group (P>0.05). In summary, high-density culture negatively regulate the growth performance, body’s immunity and anti-stress ability. The increased fishmeal level reversed the effects of high-density culture on growth performance, the immunity and anti-stress ability in the early stage. However, in the later stage, the increased fishmeal level only reduce high-density culture-mediated the survival rate without rescuing the growth performance and immune function.

     

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