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宋鹏, 曹申平, 唐建洲, 彭亮, 罗文婕, 熊鼎, 邓岳松, 贺喜, 刘臻. 饲料中发酵芝麻粕替代菜粕对草鱼生长性能、肠道形态和微生物及小肽转运相关基因表达的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(6): 1147-1154. DOI: 10.7541/2019.135
引用本文: 宋鹏, 曹申平, 唐建洲, 彭亮, 罗文婕, 熊鼎, 邓岳松, 贺喜, 刘臻. 饲料中发酵芝麻粕替代菜粕对草鱼生长性能、肠道形态和微生物及小肽转运相关基因表达的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(6): 1147-1154. DOI: 10.7541/2019.135
SONG Peng, CAO Shen-Ping, TANG Jian-Zhou, PENG Liang, LUO Wen-Jie, XIONG Ding, DENG Yue-Song, HE Xi, LIU Zhen. EFFECTS OF DIETARY RAPESEED MEAL ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY AND MICROFLORA OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(6): 1147-1154. DOI: 10.7541/2019.135
Citation: SONG Peng, CAO Shen-Ping, TANG Jian-Zhou, PENG Liang, LUO Wen-Jie, XIONG Ding, DENG Yue-Song, HE Xi, LIU Zhen. EFFECTS OF DIETARY RAPESEED MEAL ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY AND MICROFLORA OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(6): 1147-1154. DOI: 10.7541/2019.135

饲料中发酵芝麻粕替代菜粕对草鱼生长性能、肠道形态和微生物及小肽转运相关基因表达的影响

EFFECTS OF DIETARY RAPESEED MEAL ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE, INTESTINAL MORPHOLOGY AND MICROFLORA OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS)

  • 摘要: 实验以初重(99.98±0.69) g的草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)为研究对象, 研究饲料中发酵芝麻粕替代菜粕蛋白对草鱼生长性能、肠道形态和微生物以及小肽转运相关基因表达的影响。添加0、5%、10%和15%发酵芝麻粕分别替代菜粕蛋白0、11.8%、23.5%和35.1%, 配制4组等氮等脂的饲料, 分别为对照组、实验1组、实验2组和实验3组。实验在室内循环水养殖系统中进行, 每组3个重复, 每一重复饲喂20尾鱼, 每天饱食投喂2次, 实验共持续45d。结果发现: 各处理组间草鱼增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均无显著差异, 实验1组和2组略高于对照组(P>0.05); 组间饵料系数也无显著差异, 实验1组和2组略低于对照组(P>0.05)。实验组草鱼肠绒毛高度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05), 而实验组隐窝深度小于对照组 (P>0.05), 绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(V/C)在实验组也显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着发酵芝麻粕替代比例的增加, 乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus)占比显著上升(P<0.05), 而大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和气单胞菌(Aeromonas)占比显著下降。小肽转运相关基因方面, 尾型同源盒基因2 (CDX2)、特异性蛋白1 (Sp1)和小肽转运蛋白1 (PepT1)基因mRNA相对表达量均随着发酵芝麻粕替代比例的增加呈现先显著上调后下调的趋势, 且均在实验1组时达到最大值(P<0.05)。综合考量鱼体生长性能、肠道黏膜形态、菌群及小肽转运相关基因表达方面, 草鱼饲料中发酵芝麻粕蛋白适宜替代菜粕蛋白的比例为11.8%—23.5%。

     

    Abstract: To investigate effects of dietary rapeseed meal on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, microflora, and the expression of small peptide transport related genes of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated by adding 0, 5%, 10% and 15% fermented sesame meal to replace 0, 11.8%, 23.5% and 35.1% of rapeseed meal protein respectively, which were named as control group, trial group 1, trial group 2 and trial group 3. The experiment was carried out in an indoor recirculating system with three replicates in each group. Triplicates of 20 fish initial body weight of (99.98±0.69) g were fed to apparent satiation with four experiment diets twice a day for 45 days. The results showed no significant difference in weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency rate (PER) among all the groups, and WGR, SGR and PER of trial group 1 and 2 were slightly higher than those of the control group (P>0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of trial group 1 and 2 was slightly lower than that of the control group (P>0.05). The heights of intestinal villi in the trial groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the depth of crypt in the trial groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P>0.05). The ratio of villi height to crypt depth (V/C) in the trial groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Dietary fermented sesame meal significantly induced Lactobacillus and Bacillus (P<0.05) and significantly decreased Escherichia coli and Aeromonas (P<0.05). The expressions of CDX2, Sp1 and PepT1 genes increased significantly at first and then decreased with the increasing fermented sesame meal inclusion (P<0.05). These results suggest that the optimum proportion of fermented sesame meal replacement dietary rapeseed meal was 11.8%—23.5%.

     

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