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刘海平, 刘孟君, 牟振波, 刘艳超, 次仁罗杰, 刘书蕴, 刘乐乐, 饶昌伟. 西藏双须叶须鱼早期发育特征[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(5): 1041-1055. DOI: 10.7541/2019.123
引用本文: 刘海平, 刘孟君, 牟振波, 刘艳超, 次仁罗杰, 刘书蕴, 刘乐乐, 饶昌伟. 西藏双须叶须鱼早期发育特征[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(5): 1041-1055. DOI: 10.7541/2019.123
LIU Hai-Ping, LIU Meng-Jun, MOU Zhen-Bo, LIU Yan-Chao, CIREN Luo-Jie, LIU Shu-Yun, LIU Le-Le, RAO Chang-Wei. CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF PTYCHOBARBUS DIPOGON IN XIZANG AUTONOMOUS REGION[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(5): 1041-1055. DOI: 10.7541/2019.123
Citation: LIU Hai-Ping, LIU Meng-Jun, MOU Zhen-Bo, LIU Yan-Chao, CIREN Luo-Jie, LIU Shu-Yun, LIU Le-Le, RAO Chang-Wei. CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF PTYCHOBARBUS DIPOGON IN XIZANG AUTONOMOUS REGION[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(5): 1041-1055. DOI: 10.7541/2019.123

西藏双须叶须鱼早期发育特征

CHARACTERISTICS OF EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF PTYCHOBARBUS DIPOGON IN XIZANG AUTONOMOUS REGION

  • 摘要: 通过双须叶须鱼(Ptychobarbus dipogon Regan)早期发育特征研究, 旨在为该鱼的科学保护和合理开发提供技术支撑。结果显示: 双须叶须鱼卵径3.7—3.9 mm, 吸水后的卵径可达5.1—5.3 mm。在水温10℃左右的条件下, 经历336.02h孵化出膜。根据胚胎的外部形态特征可将胚胎发育分为准备卵裂阶段、卵裂阶段、囊胚阶段、原肠阶段、神经胚阶段、器官分化阶段、孵化阶段共7个阶段34个时期。初孵仔鱼全长12.4 mm, 第1天体色素出现, 胸鳍上翘, 鳃盖骨出现, 下颌原基出现; 第2天鳃弓原基出现; 第3天消化道出现, 肝胰脏原基出现; 第4天鳃耙出现, 体表色素细胞带出现; 第5天口凹形成, 鳃丝形成; 第6天胸鳍褶, 背鳍褶, 腹鳍褶出现; 第7天鼻凹出现, 星芒状色素团出现; 第9天鳔前原基出现; 第11天尾鳍鳍条开始出现, 胸鳍开始颤动; 第13天鳔1室出现, 半规管形成; 第17天背鳍分化出来; 第21天腹部鳍褶变大, 舌颌骨清晰可见; 第28天脾脏出现; 第33天出现腹鳍鳍条; 第34天鳞片出现; 第85天稚鱼的形态与成鱼无异。双须叶须鱼是已报道裂腹鱼类卵径最大, 较四大家鱼卵周隙小, 是对高原隆起所导致的高寒自然环境的一种适应。

     

    Abstract: This study provided technical support for its scientific protection and rational development through exploring the embryonic and larval development characteristics of Ptychobarbus dipogon. The result indicated that the egg diameter reached 3.7—3.9 mm, and egg diameter after water absorbed could reach to 5.1—5.3 mm. The hatching of egg taken 336.02 hours at temperature of 10℃. Based on external morphological characteristics, embryonic development were separated into 7 stages and 34 periods, including cleavage preparing stage, cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, neural embryo stage, organ differentiation stage and hatching stage. Characteristics included newly hatching fry with body length of 12.4 mm, 1 day fry after hatching with pectoral fin upwarp, operculum, pigment and underjaw primordial appearance, 3 day fry after hatching with hepatopancreas primordial and alimentary canal appearance, 4 day fry after hatching with gill raker and body pigment cell mass appearance, 5 day fry after hatching with stomatodeum and gill filament appearance, 6 day fry after hatching with pectoral fin fold, dorsal fin fold and pelvic fin fold appearance, 7 day fry after hatching with nose concave and astral form pigment group appearance, 9 day fry after hatching with swim bladder primordial appearance, 11 day fry after hatching with tail fin appearance with pectoral fin trembled, 13 day fry after hatching with swim bladder one room appearance, semicircular canal formed, 17 day fry after hatching with dorsal fin primordial and pectoral fins formed, 21 day fry after hatching with larger hyomandibular of pelvic fin fold, 28 day fry after hatching with spleen appearance, 33 day fry after hatching with pelvic fin appearance, 34 day fry after hatching with scale appearance, and no difference for the fish 85 day after hatching. Egg diameter of Ptychobarbus dipogon is the largest one among Schizothorax fishes, and its perivitelline space is smaller than four major Chinese carps, which may explain by cold environment at the plateau uplift.

     

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