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李玉龙, 付运银, 张恒, 方刘, 王乾, 阮国良. 酵母水解物对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、抗氧化和免疫能力的影响[J]. 水生生物学报. doi: 10.7541/2024.2023.0165
引用本文: 李玉龙, 付运银, 张恒, 方刘, 王乾, 阮国良. 酵母水解物对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、抗氧化和免疫能力的影响[J]. 水生生物学报. doi: 10.7541/2024.2023.0165
LI Yu-Long, FU Yun-Yin, ZHANG Heng, FANG Liu, WANG Qiang, RUAN Guo-Liang. YEAST HYDROLYSATES ON GROWTH, DIGESTION, ANTIOXIDATION AND IMMUNITY OF RED SWAMP CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS CLARKII)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA. doi: 10.7541/2024.2023.0165
Citation: LI Yu-Long, FU Yun-Yin, ZHANG Heng, FANG Liu, WANG Qiang, RUAN Guo-Liang. YEAST HYDROLYSATES ON GROWTH, DIGESTION, ANTIOXIDATION AND IMMUNITY OF RED SWAMP CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS CLARKII)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA. doi: 10.7541/2024.2023.0165

酵母水解物对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、抗氧化和免疫能力的影响

YEAST HYDROLYSATES ON GROWTH, DIGESTION, ANTIOXIDATION AND IMMUNITY OF RED SWAMP CRAYFISH (PROCAMBARUS CLARKII)

  • 摘要: 实验研究了添加不同水平酵母水解物对克氏原螯虾生长性能、消化、抗氧化和非特异性免疫能力的影响。本实验选用300尾平均体重为(6.43±0.55) g的个体, 随机分为5组, 分别饲喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照组)、0.50%、1.00%、2.00%和4.00%酵母水解物的饲料, 每组3个重复, 养殖密度为20尾/缸。实验期8周, 实验结束后测定克氏原螯虾生长指标、胃组织和肝胰腺消化酶活性、肝胰腺抗氧化性能、血清生化指标和免疫酶活性。结果表明: (1)饲料中添加1.00%—4.00%酵母水解物对该虾生长指标有促进作用, 其中在2.00%添加组的存活率(SR)、最终体重(FBW)、最终体长(FBL)和肝胰腺指数(HSI)达最大值且显著高于对照组(P<0.05), 增长率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)在1.00%添加组达到最大值且显著高于其余各组(P<0.05); (2) 1.00%酵母水解物添加组全虾粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05), 而肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量在2.00%添加组达到最大值; (3)与对照组相比, 2.00%—4.00%酵母菌水解物添加组胃和肝胰脏消化酶活性显著提高(P < 0.05); (4) 2.00%酵母水解物添加组肝胰腺抗氧化酶(过氧化氢酶, CAT; 总超氧化物歧化酶, T-SOD; 总抗氧化能力, T-AOC)和免疫酶(碱性磷酸酶, AKP; 酸性磷酸酶, ACP)的活性达到最大值、丙二醛(MDA)的含量达到最小值, 且与对照组相比均有显著差异(P<0.05); (5) 2.00%酵母水解物添加组该虾血清中总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05), 1.00%和2.00%酵母水解物添加组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。结果表明, 饲料中添加2.00%的酵母水解物可显著提高克氏原螯虾的消化、生长及肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量, 并显著改善其抗氧化和非特异性免疫能力。

     

    Abstract: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of yeast hydrolysate (YHY) supplementation on growth performance, digestion, antioxidant and non-specific immunity of Procambarus clarkii. A total of 300 crayfish with an average weight of (6.43±0.55) g were randomly divided into 5 groups (with 3 replicates in each group). These groups were fed with the basic diet supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.50%, 1.00%, 2.00% and 4.00% YHY, respectively. At the end of 8-week experiment, the growth performance, digestive enzyme activities of gastric tissue and hepatopancreas, antioxidant and immune capacities of hepatopancreas, serum biochemical indexes were determined. The results showed as follows: 1) YHY supplementation at levels ranging from 1.00% to 4.00% positively influenced the growth performance of P. clarkii. The 2.00% supplementation group exhibited peak values in survival rate (SR), final body weight (FBW), final body length (FBL) and hepatopancreatic index (HSI), and were significantly higher than those in the control (P<0.05). The 1.00% supplementation group demonstrated the highest weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR), and were significantly higher than those in other groups (P<0.05). 2) The crude protein (CP) content of whole body in 1.00% dietary group was significantly higher than that in any other group (P<0.05). The CP and crude lipid (CL) contents of muscle reached the maximum values in 2.00% addition group. 3) Gastric and hepatopancreatic digestive enzyme activities witnessed significant increases in groups supplemented with 2.00% to 4.00% YHY compared with the control (P<0.05). 4) The activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, CAT; total superoxide dismutase, T-SOD and total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC) and immune enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, AKP and acid phosphatase, ACP) in hepatopancreas reached their maximum values in the 2.00% YHY supplementation group concurrently, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content reached the minimum value, and there were significant differences compared with the control (P<0.05). 5) Serum total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) contents were notably higher in 2.00% addition group compared to other groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly lower in 1.00% and 2.00% addition groups relative to other groups (P<0.05). The results showed that 2% dietary yeast hydrolysate could significantly improve the digestion, growth performance, increase muscle’s CP and CL contents, as well as significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity of P. clarkii.

     

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