Abstract: In order to help the Linghu fish farmers solve the problem of fish diseases, China’s first fish disease research station in Linghu was established by the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1953. From the establishment of the station in May 1953 to the evacuation from Linghu in March 1956, the scientific research personnel of Linghu Fish Disease Research Station with Ni Da-Shu as its leader, which took the four major domestic fish species as the main target. They carried out fish disease pathogen investigation, did experiment on the prevention and control of diseases and set up outpatient clinics in Linghu and surrounding fish farming areas. Great progress has been made in terms of classification and identification of pathogens and the screening of effective drugs. With the help of local people’s experience in fish farming and through experimental studies, drugs and methods with certain curative effects were found for a dozen major fish diseases that had been widespread and harmful. A relatively complete set of measures that can help to prevent disease in fish farming have been spread nationwide, and have changed the conservative opinion of local fish farmers. At the same time, they have also cultivated a large number of cadres who are familiar with fish disease prevention and control for fish areas in Zhejiang Province and all over the country. Linghu Fish Disease Research Station has established the tradition of fish disease prevention and control, created the discipline of fish disease in China, and laid the foundation of Chinese fish disease science. The work of this station can be regarded as the overture to the modern science’s transforming of Chinese traditional fish farming.