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李红燕, 巫丽云, 董博, 许文婕, 金俊琰, 杨云霞, 朱晓鸣, 韩冬, 刘昊昆, 解绶启. 饲料糖和脂水平对团头鲂生长性能及血浆代谢物的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2021, 45(4): 756-763. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.074
引用本文: 李红燕, 巫丽云, 董博, 许文婕, 金俊琰, 杨云霞, 朱晓鸣, 韩冬, 刘昊昆, 解绶启. 饲料糖和脂水平对团头鲂生长性能及血浆代谢物的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2021, 45(4): 756-763. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.074
LI Hong-Yan, WU Li-Yun, DONG Bo, XU Wen-Jie, JIN Jun-Yan, YANG Yun-Xia, ZHU Xiao-Ming, HAN Dong, LIU Hao-Kun, XIE Shou-Qi. EFFECTS OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PLASMA METABOLITES IN JUVENILE BLUNT SNOUT BREAM[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 45(4): 756-763. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.074
Citation: LI Hong-Yan, WU Li-Yun, DONG Bo, XU Wen-Jie, JIN Jun-Yan, YANG Yun-Xia, ZHU Xiao-Ming, HAN Dong, LIU Hao-Kun, XIE Shou-Qi. EFFECTS OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PLASMA METABOLITES IN JUVENILE BLUNT SNOUT BREAM[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 45(4): 756-763. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.074

饲料糖和脂水平对团头鲂生长性能及血浆代谢物的影响

EFFECTS OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PLASMA METABOLITES IN JUVENILE BLUNT SNOUT BREAM

  • 摘要: 实验以初重(6.20±0.01) g的团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)幼鱼为研究对象, 分别投喂高糖低脂(HCLL, 45%糖和2%脂)、中糖中脂(MCML, 30%糖和8%脂)和低糖高脂(LCHL, 15%糖和14%脂)的3种等氮饲料56d, 以探究饲料不同糖和脂水平对团头鲂生长性能、鱼体生化组成、营养沉积及血浆代谢物的影响。实验结果显示, 饲料糖和脂水平对团头鲂摄食率无显著性影响。随饲料糖水平降低和脂水平升高, 团头鲂幼鱼特定生长率和饲料效率提高。高糖低脂饲料未造成肝脏糖原或甘油三酯含量的显著沉积, 且各饲料组间肝体比、脏体比及肥满度均无显著性差异。饲料糖和脂水平对团头鲂鱼体生化组成无显著性影响, 但随饲料糖水平降低和脂水平增加, 团头鲂蛋白沉积率升高, 脂肪沉积率降低。另外, 血浆葡萄糖、甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸和胆固醇含量各组间均无显著性差异。低糖高脂组血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高, 表明肝脏将脂质转运至外周组织以维持肝脏脂稳态。研究结果表明, 团头鲂对饲料脂利用优于糖类, 且具有较好地应答饲料糖和脂水平的代谢机制, 研究结果可为团头鲂的饲料配方设计提供支撑。

     

    Abstract: To test the effects of dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels on growth performance, body composition, nutrient retention and plasma metabolites in juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) initial weight of (6.20±0.01) g, fish were fed with three isonitrogenous diets: HCLL (45% carbohydrate, 2% lipid), MCML (30% carbohydrate, 8% lipid), or LCHL (15% carbohydrate, 14% lipid) for 56 days. Results showed that dietary carbohydrate and lipid had no effect on FR, but declined dietary carbohydrate and increased lipid enhanced the SGR and FE. The HCLL diet did not induce the retention of glycogen and TG in the liver, nor did it alter morphological indices like HSI, VSI or CF. In addition, no significant differences were observed on the body composition of blunt snout bream fed with varying dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels, but as the dietary carbohydrate reduced and lipid increased the PRE elevated and LRE declined. Furthermore, no significant differences were found on the plasma glucose, TG, free fatty acids and cholesterol levels among all experiment group. The LCHL diet significantly induced the plasma LDL-C content, suggesting the liver transferred lipid to peripheral tissue to sustain the lipid homeostasis. In conclusion, the blunt snout bream can utilize lipid better than carbohydrate. Meanwhile, the blunt snout bream has an adaptive system that can cope with changes in dietary carbohydrate and lipid level. The present study can provide information for blunt snout bream feed formulation.

     

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