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胡园, 周朝生, 朱洁, 柯爱英, 郑伊诺, 吴越, 胡忠键, 刘志坚, 郭安托. 性腺发育不同阶段野生瓯江凤鲚肌肉营养成分的分析与评价[J]. 水生生物学报, 2021, 45(4): 790-800. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.094
引用本文: 胡园, 周朝生, 朱洁, 柯爱英, 郑伊诺, 吴越, 胡忠键, 刘志坚, 郭安托. 性腺发育不同阶段野生瓯江凤鲚肌肉营养成分的分析与评价[J]. 水生生物学报, 2021, 45(4): 790-800. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.094
HU Yuan, ZHOU Chao-Sheng, ZHU Jie, KE Ai-Ying, ZHENG Yi-Nuo, WU Yue, HU Zhong-Jiang, LIU Zhi-Jian, GUO An-Tuo. ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF WILD COILIAMYSTUS IN OUJIANG RIVER AT DIFFERENT GONADAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 45(4): 790-800. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.094
Citation: HU Yuan, ZHOU Chao-Sheng, ZHU Jie, KE Ai-Ying, ZHENG Yi-Nuo, WU Yue, HU Zhong-Jiang, LIU Zhi-Jian, GUO An-Tuo. ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF WILD COILIAMYSTUS IN OUJIANG RIVER AT DIFFERENT GONADAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 45(4): 790-800. DOI: 10.7541/2021.2020.094

性腺发育不同阶段野生瓯江凤鲚肌肉营养成分的分析与评价

ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF WILD COILIAMYSTUS IN OUJIANG RIVER AT DIFFERENT GONADAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES

  • 摘要: 研究旨在针对不同性腺发育阶段(Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期、Ⅴ期)野生瓯江凤鲚(Coiliamystus)性腺发育情况和肌肉营养成分进行分析与评价。研究表明: 在雌、雄野生瓯江凤鲚性腺从Ⅰ期发育至Ⅴ期的过程中, 成熟系数呈现上升趋势, 凤鲚卵巢的GSI值是精巢GSI值的5倍。在卵巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期, 粗脂肪含量显著下降, 粗蛋白和水分显著上升(P<0.05); 在精巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期, 粗脂肪含量显著上升, 粗蛋白和水分显著下降(P<0.05), 灰分含量先升后降, 说明野生瓯江凤鲚在卵巢发育过程中脂肪为主要供能物质。雌凤鲚肌肉在卵巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期显著上升(P<0.05), 雄凤鲚肌肉氨基酸含量在精巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期显著下降(P<0.05)。但各性腺发育阶段氨基酸组成相对稳定, 雌、雄鱼肌肉总必需氨基酸/总氨基酸分别为(37.88±0.32)%—(41.66±0.44)%和(40.30±0.69)%—(40.94±0.29)%。依据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)标准, 不同性腺发育阶段的野生瓯江雌、雄凤鲚肌肉中第一限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸, 第二限制性氨基酸均为甲硫氨酸(Met)和胱氨酸(Cys)。在卵巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期, 性腺发育阶段含量最丰富的C16﹕0和C18﹕1呈下降趋势, 可能是作为主要的供能脂肪酸。多不饱和脂肪酸的主要脂肪酸DHA在卵巢发育中呈现先上升后下降趋势。在精巢发育Ⅰ—Ⅴ期, 多不饱和脂肪酸呈现下降趋势。因此, 在繁殖过程中, 野生瓯江凤鲚雌雄鱼的发育特征和肌肉营养组成变化规律及差异与生殖洄游产卵的繁殖习性密切相关。

     

    Abstract: This study analyzed the gonadal development and evaluated muscle nutrient composition of wild Coilia mystus from Oujiang River at different gonad development stages (stage Ⅰ, stage Ⅱ, stage Ⅲ, stage Ⅳ and stage Ⅴ). Result revealed that during the development of gonads from stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅴ, the maturity coefficient of female and male wild Coilia mystus from Oujiang River both increased, and the GSI value of phoenix anchovy ovaries was 5 times that of testis. During ovary development stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ, crude fat content decreased significantly, and crude protein and water increased significantly (P<0.05). During sperm development stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ, crude fat content increased significantly, crude protein and moisture decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the ash content first increased and then decreased, indicating that fat is the main energy supply material during ovary development. The amino acid content of female Coilia mystus muscle increased significantly from stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ of ovarian development (P<0.05), and the amino acid content of male Coilia mystus decreased significantly from stage Ⅰ to Ⅴ of testis development (P<0.05). However, the amino acid composition of each reproductive stage was relatively stable. The ratios of total essential amino acids to total amino acids of muscles of female and male fish were (37.88±0.32)%—(41.66±0.44)%, (40.30±0.69)%—(40.94±0.29)%, respectively. According to the standards of amino acid score (AAS) and chemical score (CS), the first restrictive amino acids in the muscles of female and male Coilia mystus at different gonadal development stages are tryptophan, and the second restrictive amino acids are methionine Acid (Met)+Cysine (Cys). During the period of ovary development from Ⅰ to Ⅴ, the most abundant C16﹕0 and C18﹕1 in the reproductive stage showed a downward trend, which may be the main energy-supplying fatty acids. The main fatty acid DHA of polyunsaturated fatty acids showed an upward trend and then a downward trend. During the first to fifth stages of test is development, polyunsaturated fatty acids showed a downward trend. Therefore, in the process of reproduction, the developmental characteristics and changes of muscle nutrition composition of wild Oujiang Coilia mystus are closely related to the reproductive habits of reproductive migration spawning. Mastering the pattern of gonad development is the basis for artificial reproduction of Coilia mystus, and understanding its nutritional components is the prerequisite for scientifically guiding a reasonable diet. These findings provide scientific basis for the further development of artificial breeding practice of Oujiang Coilia mystus.

     

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