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王汝贤, 杨刚, 耿智, 赵峰, 冯雪松, 张涛. 环境DNA技术在长江口鱼类多样性分析中的应用[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(3): 365-375. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0272
引用本文: 王汝贤, 杨刚, 耿智, 赵峰, 冯雪松, 张涛. 环境DNA技术在长江口鱼类多样性分析中的应用[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(3): 365-375. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0272
WANG Ru-Xian, YANG Gang, GENG Zhi, ZHAO Feng, FENG Xue-Song, ZHANG Tao. APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA TECHNOLOGY IN FISH DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(3): 365-375. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0272
Citation: WANG Ru-Xian, YANG Gang, GENG Zhi, ZHAO Feng, FENG Xue-Song, ZHANG Tao. APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA TECHNOLOGY IN FISH DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(3): 365-375. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2022.0272

环境DNA技术在长江口鱼类多样性分析中的应用

APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DNA TECHNOLOGY IN FISH DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ESTUARY

  • 摘要: 研究采用高通量测序技术对长江口水域环境DNA(Environmental DNA, eDNA)样品进行分析, 并与传统渔业资源调查结果对比, 阐述长江口鱼类群落在其生境内的多样性特征, 探讨eDNA技术在长江口水域鱼类多样性研究中的应用前景。结果显示, eDNA技术共检测到10目21科41属45种鱼类, 各站点鱼类丰富度之间无显著差异, 而多样性之间存在显著差异性。底拖网法共捕获11目16科29属33种鱼类。有18种鱼类在两种方法中均检测到, 占鱼类总数的30%。两种方法检测到的鱼类中均以鲈形目(Perciformes)最多, 其次是鲤形目(Cypriniformes), 两种方法的结果均表明刀鲚(Coilia nasus)和凤鲚(Coilia mystus)为优势物种。研究表明环境DNA技术在长江口水域渔业资源监测中具有可行性, 在禁捕环境下可根据实际情况采用不同方法对渔业资源进行监测。

     

    Abstract: Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a booming biological monitoring technology. It has been proved by many studies to be an effective tool for the detection, monitoring and indication of fish species and its biodiversity and abundance. This study applies high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the eDNA samples of the waters of the Yangtze Estuary and compares the results with the traditional fishery studies. It aims to elaborate the diverse characteristics of the fish communities in the Yangtze Estuary and to explore the prospects of applying eDNA technology to the diversity study of the fish species in the Yangtze Estuary. The study results show that the eDNA detects 45 fish species, which can be classified to 41 genera, 21 families and 10 orders, and there is no significant difference of the abundances of the species, but their diversity characters vary considerably, while the bottom trawl method detects 33 fish species, which can be classified to 29 genera, 16 families and 11 orders. 18 species, accounting for 30% of the total fish species, can be detected in both monitoring methods. Among those 18 species, the number of Perciformes is the most, followed by Cypriniformes. The results of both monitoring methods show Coilia nasus and Coilia mystus are the dominant species in the Yangtze Estuary. When comparing the two monitoring methods by Alpha diversity, both Simpson and Shannon indexes show the Alpha diversity of the fish communities in the Yangtze River Estuary detected by eDNA method is significantly greater than of bottom trawl. The study shows that it is feasible to apply eDNA technology in monitoring fishery resources in the Yangtze River Estuary, while during the fishing moratorium different methods can be used to monitor fishery resources based on the actual situation.

     

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