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王敏, 朱峰跃, 杨浩, 蒲艳, 杨锦毅, 高雷, 汪登强, 段辛斌, 陈大庆. 早期阶段饥饿对鲢仔鱼存活和生长的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(12): 2018-2027. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2023.0044
引用本文: 王敏, 朱峰跃, 杨浩, 蒲艳, 杨锦毅, 高雷, 汪登强, 段辛斌, 陈大庆. 早期阶段饥饿对鲢仔鱼存活和生长的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2023, 47(12): 2018-2027. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2023.0044
WANG Min, ZHU Feng-Yue, YANG Hao, PU Yan, YANG Jin-Yi, GAO Lei, WANG Deng-Qiang, DUAN Xin-Bin, CHEN Da-Qing. EARLY STAGE STARVATION ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF THE LARVAL SILVER CARP, HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(12): 2018-2027. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2023.0044
Citation: WANG Min, ZHU Feng-Yue, YANG Hao, PU Yan, YANG Jin-Yi, GAO Lei, WANG Deng-Qiang, DUAN Xin-Bin, CHEN Da-Qing. EARLY STAGE STARVATION ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF THE LARVAL SILVER CARP, HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 47(12): 2018-2027. DOI: 10.7541/2023.2023.0044

早期阶段饥饿对鲢仔鱼存活和生长的影响

EARLY STAGE STARVATION ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF THE LARVAL SILVER CARP, HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX

  • 摘要: 为研究首次摄食时间对鲢仔鱼摄食能力、存活和生长的影响, 采用实验生态学方法, 在水温(24±1)℃条件下, 对鲢仔鱼开展了分别延迟0(摄食组)、2d、4d、6d投喂组和饥饿组的实验, 实验为期30d。结果显示, 鲢仔鱼在3日龄开口摄食, 初次摄食率为36.67%, 在11日龄抵达不可逆点(PNR), 具有摄食能力的时间约8d。初次摄食时间对鲢仔鱼的存活率有较大影响, 饥饿组仔鱼于15日龄全部死亡, 而摄食组仔鱼在15日龄的存活率为69%。随着延迟投喂时间的延长, 不同处理组鲢仔鱼在饥饿期间的全长特定生长率和体质量特定生长率均呈总体下降趋势; 摄食组仔鱼在14日龄和30日龄的全长特定生长率均高于其他延迟投喂组。对形态比值数据进行主成分分析, 结果显示: 饥饿影响了鲢仔鱼的形态性状, 饥饿组和摄食组形态上的差别主要是由头部形态和肌节高度差异引起; 摄食组仔鱼从8日龄开始出现脊索弯曲, 14日龄全部转入脊索弯曲期, 而饥饿组仔鱼直到14日龄才首次出现脊索弯曲。研究表明, 早期食物缺乏会对鲢仔鱼生长、形态和存活产生显著影响, 在卵黄囊吸收完成的前后2d内建立初次摄食对仔鱼随后的生长发育至关重要。研究可为鲢早期补充过程和种群补充机制研究提供基础资料和参考。

     

    Abstract: Food deprivation after a prolonged downriver drift could severely affect the growth and survival of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix larvae. In order to study the effect of the first feeding time on feeding ability, survival and growth of silver carp larvae, this study was carried out with a delay of 0 (feeding group), 2d, 4d and 6d in the feeding group and the starvation group at water temperature of (24±1)℃ under experimental conditions, respectively. Silver carp larvae were reared in experimental tanks (25 L) for 30d in five treatments. The feeding time of the five treatments in triplicates was 3 days after hatching (dah), 5dah, 7dah, 9dah and FG (fasted group) respectively. The results were as follows: the initial feeding rate of silver carp larvae was 36.67% at 3dah and reached the point of no return (PNR) at 11dah. The timing of first feeding had a great influence on the survival rate of silver carp larvae. All the larvae in the starvation group died at 15dah, while the survival rate of the larvae in the fed control group was 69.00% at 15dah. With the extension of delayed feeding time, the survival rate of larvae decreased significantly. Larval growth was significantly affected by the time of first exogenous feeding. The total length specific growth rate (SGRL) and body weight specific growth rate (SGRW) of silver carp larvae in different treatment groups exhibited a general downward trend during starvation periods. SGRL of larvae at 14dah and 30dah in feeding group was higher than that in other delayed feeding treatments. Starvation affects the morphological characters of silver carp larvae. Principal component analysis of morphological ratio data showed that the morphological differences between starvation group and feeding group were mainly caused by the differences in head morphology and myotome height. Fed larvae began to show notochord flexion from 8dah, and all of them turned to the notochord flexion at 14dah, whereas unfed larvae remained at the preflexion stage until 14dah. In order to avoid potential mortality by starvation and obtain adequate growth and development, the silver carp larvae must establish successful initial feeding within 2d before and after yolk sac depletion. This study can provide basic data and reference for the exploration of early recruitment process and population recruitment mechanism of silver carp.

     

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