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谢翠娴. 利用底栖动物监测严家湖农药污染[J]. 水生生物学报, 1985, 9(1): 40-50.
引用本文: 谢翠娴. 利用底栖动物监测严家湖农药污染[J]. 水生生物学报, 1985, 9(1): 40-50.
Xie Cuixian. UTILIZING BENTHOS TO MONITOR POLLUTION OF PESTICIDES IN YAN JIA LAKE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 1985, 9(1): 40-50.
Citation: Xie Cuixian. UTILIZING BENTHOS TO MONITOR POLLUTION OF PESTICIDES IN YAN JIA LAKE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 1985, 9(1): 40-50.

利用底栖动物监测严家湖农药污染

UTILIZING BENTHOS TO MONITOR POLLUTION OF PESTICIDES IN YAN JIA LAKE

  • 摘要: 本文报道了严家湖氧化塘建成前后底栖动物群落变化,共发现寡毛类12种,水生昆虫幼虫15种,软体动物8种,其他动物2种。讨论比较3种监测方法:(1)依据底栖动物群落结构各大类的比例,提出了六级标准;(2)用群落的多样性指数,由Shannon和Weaver的公式计算,并结合化学数据比较,提出D=0,D1,D=1—2,D=2—3.5,D=3.5—5,D5六级评价;(3)用底栖动物的残留物积累,分析不同污染带的动物(Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri,Glyptotendipes sp.,Bellamya aeruginosa,Anodonta pacifica)体内的BHC。作者认为群落结构方法比较好。文中还讨论了水体富营养化问题。

     

    Abstract: This paper reports the changes of community structure of the benthos and their succession after the oxidation ponds had been built on Yan Jia Lake, and three monitoring methods.After survey of two years, a total of 37 species of benthos was found, including 12 species of oligochaetes, 8 species of molluscs, 15 species of aquatic insects and 2 species of others. The three methods are: (1) Using the changes of the community structure of the benthos. According to the proportion of the oligochaetes, aquatic insects and molluscs occurring in the water contaminated by pesticides to various degrees, waters may be divided into six grades-extremely heavy pollution, heavy pollution, moderate pollution, light pollution, slight pollution, and clear water. (2) Using the diversity index of benthos community. The result obtained from calculation with the formula of Margalef and Shannon Weaver was compared with the analysis of chemicals, and it is suggested that the pollution of pesticides be divided into six numerical degrees, namely, zero showing extremely heavy pollution; above zero but less than one showing heavy pollution; between one and two showing moderate pollution; two to three point five showing light pollution; above three point five to five showing slight pollution; and a,bove. five showing clear water. (3) Analysis of the residual accumulation in benthos. The residue of BHC in Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Glyptotendipes sp., Bellamya acruginosa and Anodonta pacifica was determined. The author considers that Anodonta is a favorable material for monitoring the accumulation of pesticides.These three methods were employed in 1972—73, 1976, and 1977 with satisfactory results, so the author considers that these methods are effective for monitoring the waters polluted by pesticides. Among them, the method of community structure of benthos seems to be the superior one.The community structure of benthos has changed a lot since the completion of the oxidation pond system above the Yan Jia Lake, such as the oligochaetas being decreased to 50%, while the aquatic insects being increased by 12 times, the mollusca being increased by 3 times. These changes are due to the purification capacity of the oxidized pond system.

     

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