Abstract: The mating mode of Chinese shrimp ( F. chinensis) is supposed to be pair mating from observation of their matinghabits. However,this suggestion has not been confirmed genetically yet. In this study,five microsatellite loci ( Fc04, Fc06, Fc18,Fc24 and Fc27) were used to survey the mating mode of the wild Chinese shrimp in ten families which were built in differentyears. The male’s genotypes could be determined fromthose of a female and her offspring at every locus.Only one combination ofmale genotypes was observed in each family. Farther,the spermDNAof wild male was extracted from copulated wild female thelycum in three families of the ten. The result of microsatellite markers showed that the sperm DNA of wild males were not contami2nated by female genome DNA.At each locus,every progeny had one allele found in the male genotype. The distributions of geno2types in offspring of the ten families were consistent with the Mendelian segregation.All of these suggested that one female copu2lated to one male and supported that the mating mode of this prawn is pair2mating. The cluster analysis based on UPMGA (unweighted pair2group method using arithmetic averages) between individual within/ among families was also examined and showedthat each family formed single cluster,respectively.Microsatellite markers as an effective tool for kinship analysis could be widelyused to reveal the population structure,mating mode,etc. in breeding programs.