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张云龙, 王光毅, 金慧, 董昭然, 张子涵, 谢云轶. 氨基酸代谢调控在大鳞副泥鳅应对氨暴露中的作用[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(5): 1013-1020. DOI: 10.7541/2019.120
引用本文: 张云龙, 王光毅, 金慧, 董昭然, 张子涵, 谢云轶. 氨基酸代谢调控在大鳞副泥鳅应对氨暴露中的作用[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(5): 1013-1020. DOI: 10.7541/2019.120
ZHANG Yun-Long, WANG Guang-Yi, JIN Hui, DONG Zhao-Ran, ZHANG Zi-Han, XIE Yun-Yi. THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIA EXPOSURE ON AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN CHINESE LOACH PARAMISGURNUS DABRYANUS[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(5): 1013-1020. DOI: 10.7541/2019.120
Citation: ZHANG Yun-Long, WANG Guang-Yi, JIN Hui, DONG Zhao-Ran, ZHANG Zi-Han, XIE Yun-Yi. THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIA EXPOSURE ON AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN CHINESE LOACH PARAMISGURNUS DABRYANUS[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2019, 43(5): 1013-1020. DOI: 10.7541/2019.120

氨基酸代谢调控在大鳞副泥鳅应对氨暴露中的作用

THE EFFECTS OF AMMONIA EXPOSURE ON AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN CHINESE LOACH PARAMISGURNUS DABRYANUS

  • 摘要: 将大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)暴露于30 mmol/L NH4Cl溶液中以研究高浓度环境氨对其血浆、肝脏及肌肉组织中游离氨基酸含量的影响。氨暴露会显著影响大鳞副泥鳅血浆、肝脏及肌肉组织中游离氨基酸含量(P<0.05)。随着氨暴露时间的延长, 大鳞副泥鳅血浆中丙氨酸的含量显著增加, 且显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在氨暴露12h后, 其肝脏组织中游离谷氨酸含量显著上升(P<0.05), 而在暴露72h后迅速下降(P<0.05)。而游离丙氨酸含量在氨暴露的前24h内基本保持恒定, 随后开始显著上升(P<0.05)并持续至72h。在氨暴露大鳞副泥鳅12h后, 肌肉中游离谷氨酸含量显著上升(P<0.05), 随后快速下降至初始水平并持续到实验结束(P>0.05), 且在暴露72h和96h时显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。肌肉中游离丙氨酸含量随着氨暴露时间的延长呈现先上升后降低的趋势, 并在暴露12h和48h时出现2个峰值, 且显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在氨暴露下, 其血浆、肝脏及肌肉中游离谷氨酸含量显著降低, 且谷氨酰胺含量和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性显著提高, 说明在高环境氨条件下, 大鳞副泥鳅会利用谷氨酰胺合成酶将谷氨酸和 \rmN\rmH^ +_4 合成无毒的谷氨酰胺以降低氨毒性。随着氨暴露时间的延长, 大鳞副泥鳅血浆和组织有明显的丙氨酸累积且游离谷氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著降低, 说明其可通过代谢这些特定氨基酸生成丙氨酸以降低体内氨的累积。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the effects of ammonia exposure on amino acid metabolism, the Paramisgurnus dabryanus were exposed to 30 mmol/L NH4Cl solution to assess plasma, liver and muscle free amino acid contents. The free amino acid concentrations in plasma, liver and muscle of P. dabryanus were significantly affected by ammonia expo-sure (P<0.05). The plasma free alanine contents significantly increased with increased exposure time (P<0.05). The liver free glutamate contents increased significantly at 12h of ammonia exposure and then obviously decreased at 72h (P<0.05). While the liver free alanine contents remained constant during the first 24h of ammonia exposure, these va-lues remarkably increased at 72h (P<0.05). The muscle free glutamate increased significantly (P<0.05) at 12 hours and then rapidly decreased (P>0.05), and eventually significantly lower than that of the control group at both 72h and 96h (P<0.05). Two peak values of the muscle free alanine contents were found at the 12h and 48h, which were significantly higher than the control values (P<0.05). The remarkably decreased free glutamate values in plasma, liver and muscle of P. dabryanus and the significantly increased glutamine contents and glutamine synthetase activities during ammonia exposure suggest that the glutamate and \rmN\rmH^ +_4 were synthesized into glutamine via glutamine synthetase under high environmental ammonia. With the increased exposure time, the accumulation of free alanine and significantly decreased free glutamate, arginine and proline revealed that P. dabryanus could use certain amino acid metabolism and the formation of alanine to inhibit the production of endogenous ammonia during ammonia exposure.

     

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