Abstract: The genus Megalobrama belongs to the subfamily Cultrinae of the family Cyprinidae, comprising 4 species, namely: 1. M. terminalis (Richardson), distributed in Zhujiang River and Hainan Island. M. hoffmanni, which Herre and Myers (1931) recorded in the same locality, is a synomym of M. terminalis. 2. M. skolkovii Dybowsky, distributed in the Min Jiang, Chang Jiang, Yellow River, and Amur River, etc.. 3. M. pellegrini (Tchang), its characteristics differing from those of M. skolkovii, is a valid species distributed in the upper reaches of the Chang Jiang. 4. M. amblycephalus Yih, distributed in lakes around the middle and lower reaches of Chang Jiang.