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章宗涉, 莫珠成, 戎克文, 黄浩明. 用藻类监测和评价图们江的水污染[J]. 水生生物学报, 1983, 7(1): 97-104.
引用本文: 章宗涉, 莫珠成, 戎克文, 黄浩明. 用藻类监测和评价图们江的水污染[J]. 水生生物学报, 1983, 7(1): 97-104.
Zhang Zongshe, Mo Zhucheng, Rong Kewen, Huang Haoming. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF WATER POLLUTION IN TUMEN RIVER BY MEANS OF ALGAE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 1983, 7(1): 97-104.
Citation: Zhang Zongshe, Mo Zhucheng, Rong Kewen, Huang Haoming. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF WATER POLLUTION IN TUMEN RIVER BY MEANS OF ALGAE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 1983, 7(1): 97-104.

用藻类监测和评价图们江的水污染

MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF WATER POLLUTION IN TUMEN RIVER BY MEANS OF ALGAE

  • 摘要: 在图们江上、中游进行了人工基质着生藻类调查和室内栅藻检测,以监测和评价水污染状况。在所采用的野外监测指标中,以着生藻类总数与污染程度的关系最为明显。为便于比较和综合,采用了相对藻类总数(PN) 根据调查结果,提出了可作为图们江污染的指示种类。多样性指数与污染的关系,因受到其他非污染因子的影响,并不稳定。研究结果表明:图们江的主要污染源是尾矿废水(悬浮物)和纸浆废水(悬浮物、色度和有毒物质)。最严重污染江段为菜队到图们江段,次之为南坪江段。

     

    Abstract: Studies on attached algae communities, collected from artificial substrates, were made in upper and middle reaches of Tumen River in 1977—1979. Bioassay using Scenedesmus for some effluents was carried out in laboratoty.Based on results obtained, evaluation of water pollution in the River was made. The upper reach, represented by station Chongshan, is evaluated as unpolluted area. The middle reach, from the drainage of iron-ore mining effluents downwards to station Xiangrenpingheavily to moderately polluted area. From station Caidui, where the River receives the pulp mill effluent, to city Tumen, the river water is most heavily polluted. The stretch of River between station Hedung and the pollution source of a brown-coal chemical industry in the lower reach is considered as slightly to moderately polluted.Bioassay tests also show that pulp mill effluent is one of the main pollution sources of River Tumen. The acute ILm of Scenedesmus to the main sewer effluent of the pulp mill is about 45% (v/v). The most toxic is the sulfite waste liquor. The harmful effect on algae growth by iron-ore mining effluent is caused by the large amount of suspended solids contained in this effluent, which reduces photosynthetic activity of algae. This effluent must be considered as another main polhution source of the River.Discussing and comparing the results of periphyton studies in Tumen River, the authors propose some algological indices: for monitoring and evaluating pollution conditions: in this river. Among them the total count of attached algae is the most suitable and is expressed as a comparable relative value. Some indicator algae species are presented. The application of diversity indexes is discussed.

     

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