摘要:
过对武汉东湖石龙芮种群的周年野外观测结果,将石龙芮生活史划分为幼苗期、拔节期、分枝期、花果期、衰亡期、休眠期。石龙芮种群态存活曲线是DeeveyⅢ型。同时,石龙芮种子颗粒小,数量大(可达8.728×105ind/m2)是一种典型的r-对策植物。在花果期,石龙芮的最大生物量(干重)可达596g/m2,其中各器官中以叶的贡献为最大,果实次之,但干湿比以果实为最高,达0.282。通过对石龙芮种群及其生长基质喜旱莲子草植毡层株高的测量,发现两者在时间生态位上相互弥补,从而避免了生长高峰的重叠,表现出一种互惠共生的关系。此外,石龙芮株高和生物量之间相关显著。
关键词:
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石龙芮
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生长
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种群生态
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存活曲线
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生物量
Abstract:
Obtained from the results of annual field in Donghu Lake, the growth and population ecology of Ranunculus sceleratus L. were studied in this paper. The life history of the species was divided into six stages, i. e. seedling, jointing, branching,flowering-fruiting, withering and dormant according to the morphological features.Although the number of individuals could reach 422 per square metre, as shown by the dynamic life table, only 122 ind. m-2, would survive and flower because of the intraspecific competition. For the high rate of mortality, the shape of survival curve of the population appeared to be Deevey Ⅲ. Moreover, its seed output was extremly large, reaching 8.728×105 ind.m-2, whilst the size of the seed was rather small. All these characteristics proved that this species is a typical plant of r-strategy. In the flowering-fruiting stage, the maximum biomass (D. W.) was 596 gm-2, among which the leaves were the organ that contributing most greatly, followed by the fruits. But the ratio of D. W. to W. W. was the maximum in fruit at 0.282. Based on the annual measurement of the height of R.sceleratus and Alternanthera philoxeroides,which offered the plant mats to support the studied population, the niches of these two species had not overlapped with a reciprocal relationship. In addition, the correlation of biomass and height of R.sceleratus was also analysed and a linear relationship existed apparently.
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