野菰叶粉代替粮食原料饲养草食性鱼效益评价
EVALUATION OF THE LEAF OF ZIZANIA LATIFOLIA AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CEREAL STUFF IN PRACTICAL DIETS FOR HERBIVOROUS FISHES
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摘要: 野菰是一种优质饲料植物,本试验评价用10%、20%和30%野菰叶粉代替鱼用饲料中的米糠、麦麸饲养草鱼、团头鲂的效益。加入野菰叶粉,饲料中粗脂肪含量略为降低,但粗蛋白含量不变。含不同野菰叶粉饲料饲养的鱼的生长速度和成活率没有明显不同,其饲料系数及每kg鱼的饲料价,以加20%野菰叶粉的饲料为优,而加10%和30%野菰叶粉饲料的饲料系数及每kg鱼饲料价相似。而且,随着在饲料中野菰叶粉用量适当增加,米糠、麸皮可节省44%—73.6%。用3种含野菰叶粉颗粒饲料在网箱中经126天饲养,每亩平均鱼产量达到了15000kg。因此,可利用野菰叶粉作为草食性鱼饲料的节粮饲料原料。Abstract: Zizania latifolia is a feed crop of high quality. Two herbivorous fishes, Ctenopharyngodon idcllus and Magalobrama amblycephala were fed three diets with different contents of the leaf of Z. latifolia. The replacement level of Z. latifolia for cereal stuff in these diets were 10% (diet 1), 20%(diet 2) and 30%(diet 3) respectively. The addition of Z. latifolia slightly reduced the crude fat content, but did not affect the protein content of the diets. Growth rate and mortality of the fish fed different diets did not differ significantly. Feed conversion and the cost of feed needed to produce lkg of fish were lower for diet 2, but did not differ between the other two. As the amount of Z. latifolia added to the diet increased, the amount of cereal stuff needed in the diet can be reduced by 44—73.6%. An average fish yield of 23.7 kg/m2 was obtained by feeding the three diets for 126 days in cage-culture. The leaf of Z. latifolia can therefore be used as a substitute for cereal stuff in the practical feeds for herbivorous fish.