湖泊和地下水中异养细菌群落结构和生理特征的比较研究

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA IN THE DONGHU LAKE AND THE GROUND WATER

  • 摘要: 对武汉东湖三个定点观测站和潜江市一深水机井中异养细菌群落的种群组成、对不同基质的反应、菌株和群落的生理特征和活力水平等方面比较研究结果表明:环境差异较小的东湖Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ站异养细菌群落间的差异亦较小,具有类似的结构特征和生理活力水平,对特定基质表现了相似的作用模式;地下水中的异养细菌群落在上述几方面均显示了明显的差别。此外,在异养细菌群落结构和功能研究方法上亦是有益的探讨。

     

    Abstract: Community structure and physiological characteristics of heterotropic pacteria at three stations in the Donghu Lake and a deep well water were studied. Bacteria were isolated randomly on nutrient agar, and each strain was characterized in morphological, physiological properties and substrate utilization capabilities. Based on 113 features for each strain and their similarity degrees, cluster analysis and diversity index (Shannon-Weaver index) were used for describing structure and heterogeneity of the communities. The physiological activity levels and the substrate utilization patterns of the four heterotrophic bacterial communities were compared. The results indicated that the communi ies in the lake water differ from those in the ground water in several ways: 1. The lake water and the ground water communities differed in their quatitative and quantitative morphotype composition. Gram-negative, non-spered and coloured strains were predominant groups in the ground water; more Gram-positive bacteria and the strains were observed in the lake water with fewer pigments. 2. Diversity index value of the heterotrophic bacterial community was ranked in the order Donghu Lake Station 1>Station Ⅱ>Statio Ⅲ>ground water community. 3. The total activity of strains and single and total activity of community were lower in ground water than in lake water; in the lake thre was no significant difference among three stations. 4. The substrate utilization patterns were different between the lake and the ground water communities. But the three communities in the)onghu Lake were hardly distinguishable from each other in the pattern of substrate utilization.

     

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