人工转性异育银鲫精子在两性融合型和雌核发育型卵质中的发育特征及其应用意义
DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SPERM NUCLEUS OF ARTIFICIALLY SEX-REVERSED ALLOGYNOGENETIC CRUCIAN CARP IN AMPHIMICTIC AND GYNOGENETIC OOPLASMS AND THEIR PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
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摘要: 通过甲基睾丸素诱导产生的雄性雌核发育银鲫产生的精子,能与两性融合生殖的鲤鱼卵受精结合,并能正常地转化为雄性原核。但在卵裂开始后,可观察到诸如核物质丢失、多极分裂等异常现象。从而进一步证实了作者过去提出的染色体不相容假设。转性异育银鲫精核在雌核发育银鲫卵中能初步地转化为雄性原核,但其发育程度低于雌核。根据双重控制假设,作者初步认为,转性异育银鲫精子在进入雌核发育型卵的过程中没有受到初级控制的作用。这或许是因为转性雄鱼的雌性遗传基础导致精子的某种特异性因子缺失的缘故。由于雌核发育银鲫卵质中次级控制的存在,使得解凝的精核不能完全转化为雄性原核。Abstract: Our experimental results showed that the sperm of functional males of allogynogenetic crucian carp induced by the administration of methyltestosterone to young genetic females could fertilize the egg of amphimictic common carp and transform into male pronucleus normally. But after the beginning of cleavage some unusual phenomena were observed such as elimination of nuclear material, multipolar division etc., which confirmed the hypothesis of chromosome incompatibility we proposed before. Beyond expectation, the sperm nucleus of sex-reversed allogynogenetic crucian carp could partially transform into male pronucleus in the egg of gynogenetic crucian carp. Its development was slower than that of female nucleus. According to the hypothesis of double control, we are preliminarilly of the opinion that the sperm of sex-reversed allogynogenetic crucian carp was not inhibited by primary control when it entered the gynogenetic egg, probably due to the lack of a certain specific factor in the sperm because of the genetically female basis. Owing to the presence of secondary control in the gynogenetic egg cytoplasm, the deconden sed sperm nucleus could not transform into male pronucleus completely.