野生鲫和五个金鱼品种的判别分析和聚类分析
THE DISCRIMINANT AND CLUSTER ANALYSES OF THE WILD CRUCIAN CARP (CARASSIUS AURATUS)AND FIVE REPRESENTATIVE VARIETIES OF GOLDFISHES(C.AURATUS VAR.)
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摘要: 对野生鲫鱼(Carassiusauratus)和五个金鱼品种(Carassiusauratusvar.)的亲缘关系进行了比较研究。(1)两组判别分析表明,以17个形态变异性状的指标衡量野生鲫鱼和金鱼以及金鱼各品种之间的差异,说明金鱼的种下分化是明显的(F》F0.01)。(2)对6个品种(包括鲫鱼)各20尾鱼(计120个个体)进行17个指标的聚类分析,结果大部分个体(占各品种的50~100%)可依品种归类,但也有一部分个体“误分”,说明这些品种作为一个物种的成员其分化程度有限,而且指标选择和个体差异问题均需考虑。(3)用逐步判别分析找出17个指标中最主要的14个指标后,各品种回判正确率达85%以上。(4)剔除次要(差异不显著)指标和一个品种(红头蛋白)不存在的指标进行聚类分析,得出了野生鲫鱼、金鱼的系统关系。多因子方差分析结果表明聚类指标的选择合理。Abstract: The two-group discriminant-function analysis, stepwise discriminant analysis and numerical taxonomy were used for the comparative study or the intraspecific evolutionary relationship among the wild crucian carp (Carassius auratus) and five varieties of goldfish (C.auratus var.).Seventeen mophorlogical characters were analysed,and the divergences among the wild crucian carp and the varieties of goldfish are extremely significant indicating the presence of intraspecific differentiation.The cluster analysis revealed, with the most important characters selected by the stepwise discriminant analysis, that the wild crucian carp and the goldfish are phyletically corre lated.The variance analyses proved that the characters used for cluster analysis are reasonable.