鳙幼鱼在下行过程中应对加速流的行为响应研究

THE BEHAVIOR RESPONSE OF JUVENILEARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS TO THE ACCELERATING FLOW DURING THEIR DOWNSTREAM MIGRATION

  • 摘要: 以具有下行洄游需求的鳙(Aristichthys noblis)幼鱼为研究对象, 在自行设计制造加速流的装置中进行下行实验, 结果发现: 在实验设置的3个入口流速下(入口流速分别为: 0.018、0.034和0.053 m/s), 鳙幼鱼的通过率均为100%。在下行通过孔口的方式上, 以尾部先通过为主(即顶流通过), 尤其是在流速较高的时候, 头部先通过比例仅为6.25%。在通过总时间(从实验开始至通过孔口的时间)上, 鳙幼鱼在低流速条件下显著小于在中流速条件下(P<0.05), 而在高流速条件下与中低两个流速条件下均无显著性差异(P>0.1)。在通过时间(从实验鱼最后一次进入加速区域, 至通过孔口的时间)上, 鳙幼鱼在三种流速条件下没有显著差异性(P>0.1)。研究表明, 加速流会对鳙幼鱼下行的时间和方式产生影响。研究旨在为鱼类资源保护, 帮助鱼类安全高效过坝提供基础数据, 同时也为研究鱼类在下行过程中应对加速流的行为研究提供一种研究方法。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the ability of downstream migration of Juvenile bighead carp (Aristichthys noblis), a self-designed equipment with three inlet velocity (0.018m/s, 0.034m/s, 0.053m/s) was utilized. Results indicated that the passing rate under three inlet velocity were all 100%. Most fish used tail through first (tail-first) to pass the hole, especially under the high velocity, and the percentage of head-first was merely 6.25%. The total passing time in the low velocity was significantly less than the middle velocity (P<0.05), and no difference existed between the high velocity and the other two conditions (P>0.10). In regard to the passing time, from the time subject enter the accelerating flow field to the moment it left the experimental area, the carp appeared no significant difference (P>0.10) in all three conditions. These results indicated the impact the accelerating flow on the duration and methods of Juvenile bighead carp’s downstream action, which provide knowledge for fish passage techniques and preserve fish resources. In addition, this work established an available method to study the behavioral reaction fish fight accelerating flow during its downstream migration.

     

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