赤水河产漂流性卵鱼类的繁殖活动及其与环境因子之间的关系

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN REPRODUCTION ACTIVITIES OF FISHES WITH DRIFTING EGGS AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE CHISHUI RIVER

  • 摘要: 文章根据2015—2016年赤水市江段鱼类早期资源监测数据, 对赤水河产漂流性卵鱼类的繁殖活动规律及其与环境因子之间的关系进行了探讨, 旨在为赤水河鱼类资源保护与水域生态环境修复提供参考依据。在调查期间, 赤水市江段共采集到鱼类早期资源27种(鱼卵和仔稚鱼各20种), 隶属3目7科22属, 其中包括寡鳞飘鱼Pseudolaubuca engraulis、银Squalidus argentatus、宜昌鳅鮀Gobiobotia filifer、中华沙鳅Botia superciliaris、花斑副沙鳅Parabotia fasciata、双斑副沙鳅Parabotia bimaculata、长薄鳅Leptobotia elongata、紫薄鳅Leptobotia taeniops和犁头鳅Lepturichthys fimbriata等9种产漂流性卵鱼类。典型对应分析显示, 不同产漂流性卵鱼类的繁殖水文需求差异较大, 长薄鳅、紫薄鳅、中华沙鳅、双斑副沙鳅、花斑副沙鳅和犁头鳅等种类的繁殖活动与流量高度正相关, 它们的繁殖活动往往伴随着涨水过程; 银的繁殖活动与透明度高度正相关, 繁殖活动发生在流量较小、水体透明度较高的时段; 寡鳞飘鱼的繁殖活动与水温高度正相关; 宜昌鳅鮀的繁殖活动在不同年份表现不一致, 2015年与流量呈正相关, 而2016年与流量关系不大。研究结果对于相关保护措施的制定具有一定的参考价值。

     

    Abstract: The Chishui River is the only undammed first-order tributary of the upper Yangtze River Basin. It is an important part of the “National Nature Reserve for Rare and Endemic Fishes of the Upper Yangtze River”, which plays important roles in fish conservation. To determine main environmental factors that affect the breeding activities of fishes with drifting eggs in this river, investigations on fish resources of early life stages were carried out in Chishui Reach from March to July in 2015 and April to August in 2016. A total of 27 species of fish early resources, belonging to 3 orders, 7 families and 22 genera, were collected during the investigation period. Nine of these species Pseudolaubuca engraulis, Squalidus argentatus, Gobiobotia filifer, Botia superciliaris, Parabotia fasciata, Parabotia bimaculata, Leptobotia elongate, Leptobotia taeniops and Lepturichthys fimbriata laid drifting eggs in the running water. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed various breeding environmental requirements for these species. Specially, B. superciliari, P. fasciata, P. bimaculata, L. elongate, L. taeniops and L. fimbriata tended to lay eggs when the water discharge was increasing, while P. engraulis and S. argentatus showed an opposite trend. Additionally, G. filifer preformed differently between 2015 and 2016. In the low flow year, their reproductive activities were positively associated with the water discharge. However, in the high flow year, no significant relation between the reproduction activities and water discharge was observed. These results strengthen our understanding of reproductive behavior of different fish species and provide valuable insights into fish conservation.

     

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