养殖施氏鲟的性腺转录组特征分析

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GONADAL TRANSCRIPTOME OF AMUR STURGEON (ACIPENSER SCHRENCKII) UNDER ARTIFICIAL CULTURE

  • 摘要: 鲟是目前世界上最古老的软骨硬鳞鱼类之一, 雌雄个体之间无明显的第二性征。为了解人工养殖下鲟性腺发育的分子特征, 研究以人工养殖2龄施氏鲟(Acipenser schrenckii Brandt)为研究对象, 对其精巢与卵巢进行转录组测序分析。结果发现, 雌雄性腺中共有19690个差异表达基因转录本, 其中与性别分化相关基因包括转录因子Dmrt1、Sox9、Foxl2等和生长转化因子AmhBmp15、Gdf9等。另外, 通过差异表达基因KEGG代谢通路富集分析发现了4条与卵巢发育相关的通路, 分别为黄体酮介导的卵母细胞成熟、卵母细胞减数分裂、卵巢类固醇合成、促性腺激素释放激素信号通路。其中, 卵巢类固醇合成通路中18个差异表达基因的表达模式暗示了2龄施氏鲟限制卵巢雌激素的合成, 但精巢中雄激素的合成未受影响。研究结果为研究鲟性腺分化和发育机制以及今后在mRNA表达水平上鉴定鲟性别提供了基础。

     

    Abstract: Sturgeon, one of the oldest chondrostei in the world, has no sexual dimorphic appearance. To understand the molecular characteristics of the gonad development of sturgeon under artificial culture, characteristics of mRNA levels between the testis and ovary of two-year-old Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii Brandt) were analyzed using transcriptome sequencing. A total of 19690 differentially expressed gene transcripts were found between the gonads, in which the sex-related genes mainly included three transcription factors (Dmrt1, Sox9 and Foxl2) and three transforming growth factors (Amh, Bmp15 and Gdf9). We found four significant enrichment KEGG pathways involved in the process of ovarian development: progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, oocyte meiosis, ovarian steroidogenesis and the GnRH signaling pathway. The expression patterns of 18 differentially expressed genes in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway were analyzed. The results suggest that estrogen biosynthesis is inhibited in the ovaries of two-year-old Amur sturgeon. However, androgen biosynthesis is not affected in the testis. This study provides a foundation for studies on gonadal differentiation, the development of sturgeon, and sex identification at the level of mRNA expression.

     

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