浙南近海头足类种类组成及生态位分析

ANALYSIS ON SPECIES COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGICAL NICHE OF CEPHALOPOD IN THE COASTAL AREA OF SOUTH ZHEJIANG

  • 摘要: 在浙南海域布设42个调查站位, 于2015年11月、2016年2月、5月和8月进行了4个航次的系统调查。针对获得的头足类样品, 运用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度和生态位重叠等生态指标, 结合非度量多维标度法(nMDS)和典范对应分析(CCA)对生态位的重叠和分化进行分析。结果表明: 调查海域有头足类14种, 优势种为剑尖枪乌贼、多钩钩腕乌贼、曼氏无针乌贼和火枪乌贼; 生态位变化范围为0.09—7.01, 多钩钩腕乌贼、剑尖枪乌贼、柏氏四盘耳乌贼和火枪乌贼为广生态位种, 四盘耳乌贼、曼氏无针乌贼和田乡枪乌贼为中生态位种, 其余为窄生态位种; 生态位重叠值范围为0.00—0.70, 种间变化较大; 影响头足类分布的最主要因素是悬浮物, 其次为叶绿素和盐度, 温度和溶氧影响相对较小, 这些环境因素综合解释了此区域头足类群落结构83%的总变异。

     

    Abstract: Cephalopods are marine economic animal resources with a short life cycle and rapid growth rates. However, there is still a blank in the research on its niche. In order to better find out the ecological changes and the rules of community succession in south coast of Zhejiang. We analyzed the utilization of habitat resources of cephalopods in the south of Zhejiang Province as well as their relationship, niche breadth and overlap of different species. This will have certain guiding significance for the formulation of marine resource management and protection policies and measures. A total of 43 survey stations were set in this area. The systematic surveys of 4 investigations were conducted in November 2015, February, May and August 2016. We analyzed the niche overlap and differentiation of gained cephalopod samples, using the index of relative importance, niche breadth, niche overlap and other ecological indicators coupled with nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). This research on the cephalopod niche will help to understand the utilization of habitat resources and the relationship among the cephalopods in this area. The results demonstrated that 14 species of cephalopod were captured in the surveyed area and dominant species were Loligo edulis, Abralia ultihamata, Sepiella inermis and Loligo beka, the niche of which ranged from 0.09 to 7.01. Loligo edulis, Abralia ultihamata, Euprymna berryi and Loligo beka were wide niche species; Euprymna morsei, Sepiella inermis and Loligo tagoi were medium niche species; the rest were narrow niche species. The niche overlap ranged between 0.00−0.70, varied greatly in inter-species. The main factor that affect cephalopod distribution was suspended matter, and then chlorophyll and salinity. Temperature and dissolved oxygen had relatively small effects on cephalopod distribution. These environmental factors comprehensively explained 83% variation of cephalopod population structure in this area.

     

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