饥饿对鲤幼鱼内脏器官指数和力竭运动后代谢特征的影响

EFFECTS OF STARVATION ON INDEX OF VISCERAL ORGANS AND EXCESS POST-EXERCISE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF JUVENILE COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO)

  • 摘要: 为了考察不同饥饿时间对鲤幼鱼内脏器官指数和力竭运动后代谢特征的影响, 在(25±0.5)℃条件下, 将35尾实验鱼体质量(21.34±0.42) g, 体长(9.39±0.08) cm随机平均分成5组, 即: 对照组(S0)、1周(S1)、2周(S2)、4周(S4)和8周(S8)饥饿组, 相应时间的饥饿处理后测定各实验组鱼体内脏器官指数及力竭运动后过量耗氧(Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, EPOC)。结果发现: 除了体长以外, 鲤幼鱼体质量、空壳湿重、内脏团湿重、肝脏湿重、消化道湿重、心脏湿重和鳃湿重等均随着饥饿时间的延长呈下降趋势。S2、S4和S8组的幼鱼空壳指数显著高于S0和S1组(P<0.001)。S2、S4和S8组的幼鱼内脏团指数和肝脏指数都显著低于S0和S1组(P<0.001)。S1组幼鱼消化道指数显著低于S0组, 但显著高于S2、S4和S8组(P<0.001)。心脏指数和鳃指数在所有实验组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。S1组幼鱼运动前代谢率显著低于S0组(P<0.001), 但显著高于S2、S4和S8组(P<0.001)。S1组幼鱼运动代谢峰值和代谢率增量与S1组差异不显著(P>0.05), 但显著高于S0、S4和S8组(P<0.001, P=0.003)。各组间幼鱼代谢峰值时间差异不显著(P>0.05)。各个饥饿组幼鱼运动代谢峰值比率都显著高于S0组(P=0.002)。S1组的幼鱼EPOC与S0和S2组的差异不显著(P>0.05), 但显著高于S4和S8组(P=0.043)。综上所述: (1) 鲤幼鱼各个组织器官对饥饿胁迫的响应不尽相同, 这可能与其执行的生理功能差异有关; (2) 短期饥饿胁迫提升了鲤幼鱼有氧和无氧代谢能力, 这可能有利于其摄食和逃逸能力的提高, 进而提高其生存适合度。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the effects of starvation on visceral organs and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio), the body mass and body length of 35 fish with (21.34±0.42) g and (9.39±0.08) cm were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., control group (S0), 1 week starvation group (S1), 2 week starvation group (S2), 4 week starvation group (S4) and 8 week starvation group (S8). The results indicated that body mass, carcass mass, visceral mass, liver mass, digestive tract mass, heart mass and gill mass of juvenile C. carpio significantly decreased with the increased starvation period. Starvation have no effect on the body length, heart and gill indexes of C. carpio (P>0.05). Carcass index significantly increased in S2, S4 and S8 groups compared to those in S0 and S1 groups (P<0.001). Viscus and liver indexes significantly decreased in S2, S4 and S8 groups compared to those in S0 and S1 groups (P<0.001). The digestive tract index in S1 group was significantly lower than that of S0 group, but was significantly higher than those of S2, S4 and S8 groups (P<0.001). Pre-exercise metabolic rate in S1 group was significantly lower than that of S0 group, but was significantly higher than those of S2, S4 and S8 groups (P<0.001). The peak post-exercise metabolic rate and increment of metabolic rate in S1 group were significantly higher than those of S0, S4 and S8 groups (P<0.001, P=0.003). There was no significant difference in the time to MO2 peak of C. carpio among group (P>0.05). Factorial scopes in starved groups were significantly higher than that of S0 group (P=0.002). The magnitude of EPOC in S1 group was significantly higher those of S4 and S8 groups (P=0.043). Our results suggested that organs/tissues responded differently to starvation due to the different physiological roles, and that short-term starvation significantly increased aerobic and anaerobic capacity to improve feeding and escaping ability in juvenile C. carpio.

     

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