Abstract: Based on the data of longitude, latitude and some important environmental factors of Bactrachospermum, Kumanoa and Sheathia of Batrachospermaceae in China, variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis were used to analyze the influence of these environmental factors on the geographical distribution of the three genera and the geographical distribution and growth environment of three genera. Variance analysis and linear discriminant analysis revealed obviously different geographical distribution and growth environment of Bactrachospermum, Kumanoa and Sheathia. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that altitude, average relative humidity, average wind speed, maximum sustainable wind speed and atmospheric pressure were important environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution of the three genera. The results can provide an important scientific basis for studying the ecological distribution and geographical origin of freshwater red algae in China.