基于Ecopath模型的鄱阳湖生态系统“十年禁渔”效果评估

杨舒帆, 叶少文, 徐军, 黎明政, 刘焕章

杨舒帆, 叶少文, 徐军, 黎明政, 刘焕章. 基于Ecopath模型的鄱阳湖生态系统“十年禁渔”效果评估[J]. 水生生物学报, 2024, 48(8): 1402-1413. DOI: 10.7541/2024.2023.0429
引用本文: 杨舒帆, 叶少文, 徐军, 黎明政, 刘焕章. 基于Ecopath模型的鄱阳湖生态系统“十年禁渔”效果评估[J]. 水生生物学报, 2024, 48(8): 1402-1413. DOI: 10.7541/2024.2023.0429
YANG Shu-Fan, YE Shao-Wen, XU Jun, LI Ming-Zheng, LIU Huan-Zhang. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS ON “10-YEAR FISHING BAN” IN POYANG LAKE ECOSYSTEM BASED ON ECOPATH MODEL[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 48(8): 1402-1413. DOI: 10.7541/2024.2023.0429
Citation: YANG Shu-Fan, YE Shao-Wen, XU Jun, LI Ming-Zheng, LIU Huan-Zhang. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS ON “10-YEAR FISHING BAN” IN POYANG LAKE ECOSYSTEM BASED ON ECOPATH MODEL[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 48(8): 1402-1413. DOI: 10.7541/2024.2023.0429

基于Ecopath模型的鄱阳湖生态系统“十年禁渔”效果评估

基金项目: 湖北省重点研发计划(2023BCB039和2021BBA088); 国家自然科学基金(32201425); 知识创新专项-基础研究项目 (2022020801010141)资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨舒帆(1999—), 女, 博士; 研究方向为鱼类生态学。E-mail: 15617158338@163.com

    通信作者:

    黎明政(1985—), 男, 博士; 主要从事鱼类生态学研究。E-mail: liming_189@ihb.ac.cn

    刘焕章(1966—), 男, 博士, 研究员; 主要从事进化生物学和保护生物学研究。E-mail: hzliu@ihb.ac.cn *共同通信作者

  • 中图分类号: S932.2

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS ON “10-YEAR FISHING BAN” IN POYANG LAKE ECOSYSTEM BASED ON ECOPATH MODEL

Funds: Supported by the Key R & D Program of Hubei Province (2023BCB039 and 2021BBA088); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32201425); Nowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Basic Research (2022020801010141)
    Corresponding author:
  • 摘要:

    基于渔业资源调查数据构建了鄱阳湖禁渔前后(2018和2021年)的生态系统Ecopath模型, 比较了两个时期生态系统规模、食物网及营养结构、能量流动、系统稳定性等特征的变化, 以评估“十年禁渔”措施的效果。结果表明: 在“十年禁渔”政策实施后, 鄱阳湖生态系统规模扩大了8.07%, 总生物量增加了35.7%; 生态系统的能量与物质转换效率由10.7%增长到11.3%, 能够恢复到1998年水平; 生态系统成熟度、稳定性增强; 食物网的高营养指标从28.6%增长到35.7%, 食物链长度从3.63增长到3.86。综上所述, 禁渔之后鄱阳湖生态系统规模扩大, 各功能组间的营养交互关系变强, 生态系统的物质流转速度和物质再循环的比例升高, 复杂性、稳定性和成熟度增加, 表明“十年禁渔”政策已取得明显成效。

    Abstract:

    Based on fishery resource survey data, Ecopath models were constructed before and after the fishing ban in Poyang Lake (2018 and 2021) to evaluate the effectiveness of the “10-Year Fishing Ban” policy on ecosystem. Comparisons were made regarding differences in ecosystem scale, food web and nutrient structure, energy flow characteristics, and system stability between the two periods. The results indicate a notable expansion in the scale of the ecosystem by 8.07%, accompanied by a substantial increase in total biomass by 35.7%. Moreover, the energy and material transfer efficiency of the ecosystem experienced an improvement from 10.7% to 11.3%, which is close to the historical level of 1998 (11%). Furthermore, there was an enhancement in ecosystem maturity and stability. The high nutritional index of the food web increased from 28.6% to 35.7%, while the length of the food chain increased from 3.63 to 3.86. In summary, following the fishing ban, the Poyang Lake ecosystem exhibited increased complexity, stability, and maturity, with stronger nutritional interactions among various functional groups. The speed of material circulation and the proportion of material recycling in the ecosystem also increased, indicating that the “10-Year Fishing Ban” policy has achieved significant positive outcomes.

  • 图  1   鄱阳湖的采样点位置信息图

    Figure  1.   Location of sampling site in the Poyang Lake

    图  2   禁渔前后鄱阳湖生态系统食物网结构

    不同大小的圆表示不同功能组的生物量(以t/km2为单位); 灰色连线表示能量在生态系统中的流动路径; 各功能组的名称详见表 1。为了满足Ecopath软件的要求, 我们设置了一个渔业捕捞组, 用Fleet1来表示。由于渔业捕捞不属于生态系统内部生物之间的相互作用, 所以在表 1中没有列出该组名称

    Figure  2.   Food web structure of Poyang Lake ecosystem before and after the 10-Year Fishing Ban

    Different-sized circles represent the biomass (t/km2) of different functional groups; gray lines indicate the flow of energy within the ecosystem; the names of each functional group can be found in Tab. 1. A fishing fleet, denoted as Fleet1, has been included to represent fishing activities, as per the requirements of the Ecopath software. Since fishing activities do not involve interactions among the internal biota of the ecosystem, they have not been listed in Tab. 1

    图  3   禁渔前后2018和2021年鄱阳湖水体食物网能量与物质传输效率

    TST. 系统总流量; TL.营养级; TE.能量转换效率

    Figure  3.   Energy and material transmission efficiency of Poyang Lake aquatic food web before and after the 10-Year Fishing Ban (2018 and 2021)

    TST. total system throughput; TL. trophic level; TE. transfer efficiency

    图  4   禁渔前后2018和2021年鄱阳湖生态系统混合营养效应分析

    蓝色矩形图代表正的影响, 红色矩形图表示负的影响

    Figure  4.   Mixed trophic impact analysis of the Poyang Lake ecosystem before and after the fishing ban (2018 and 2021)

    The blue rectangle represents a positive effect, and the red rectangle represents a negative effect

    表  1   基于Ecopath模型的鄱阳湖生态系统功能组划分及物种组成

    Table  1   Functional group and component of ecopath model in Poyang Lake

    编号
    No.
    功能组
    Functional group
    组成
    Composition
    G1Piscivorous fishesSiniperca chuatsi, 斑鳜Siniperca scherzeri, 大眼鳜Siniperca kneri, 鳡Elopichthys bambusa, 鳤Ochetobius elongatus
    G2Demersal carnivorous乌鳢Channa argus, 鲇Silurus asotus, 河川沙塘鳢Odontobutis potamophilus, 日本鳗鲡Anguilla japonica, 大口鲇Silurus meridionalis
    G3Culters蒙古鲌Chanodichthys mongolicus, 达氏鲌Chanodichthys dabryi, 红鳍原鲌 Cultrichthys erythropterus, 翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus, 拟尖头鲌Culter oxycephaloides
    G4Siluriformes黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidrac, 光泽黄颡鱼Pelteobaggrus nitidus , 瓦氏黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus vachelli, 长须黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus eupogon, 白边拟鲿Pseudobagrus albomarginatus , 乌苏拟鲿Pseudobagrus ussuriensis, 长吻鮠Leiocassis longirostris, 粗唇鮠Leiocassis crassilabris, 大鳍鳠Hemibagrus macropterus
    G5Black carp青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus
    G6C-carpsCyprinus carpio, 鲫Carassius auratus
    G7Anchovy短颌鲚Coilia brachygnathus, 刀鲚Coilia nasus
    G8Silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrix
    G9Bighead carpAristichthys nobilis
    G10Grass carp草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus
    G11Bream团头鲂Megalobrama amblycephala, 鲂Megalobrama skolkovii, 鳊Parabramis pekinensis
    G12Xenocypris圆吻鲴Distoechodon tumirostris, 银鲴Xenocypris argentea, 细鳞鲴Xenocypris microlepis, 黄尾鲴Xenocypris davidi, 似鳊Pseudobrama simoni
    G13S-pelagic贝氏䱗Hemiculter bleekeri , 䱗Hemiculter leucisculus, 飘鱼Pseudolaubuca sinensis, 寡鳞飘鱼Pseudolaubuca engraulis, 圆尾斗鱼Macropodus chinensis, 叉尾斗鱼Macropodus opercularis, 麦穗鱼Pseudorasbora parva, 似鱎Toxabramis swinhonis, 马口鱼Opsariichthys bidens
    G14S-demersal蛇鮈Saurogobio dabryi, 光唇蛇鮈Saurogobio gymnocheilus, 长蛇鮈Saurogobio dumerili, 银鮈Squalidus argentatus, 吻鮈Rhinogobio typus, 棒花鱼Abbottina rivularis, 大鳍鱊 Acheilognathus macropterus, 华鳈Sarcocheilichthys sinensis, 黑鳍鳈Sarcocheilichthys nigripinnis, 花䱻Hemibarbus maculatus, 唇䱻Hemibarbus labeo, 似刺鳊鮈Paracanthobrama guichenoti, 紫薄鳅Leptobotia taeniaps
    G15Shrimps沼虾(日本沼虾Macrobrachium nipponense)
    G16Zoobenthos底栖动物(摇蚊属Chironomus, 水丝蚓属Limnodrilus)
    G17Cladocera-copepoda枝角、桡足类
    G18Microzooplankton小型浮游动物(轮虫和原生动物等)
    G19Attached algae附着藻类
    G20Phytoplankton浮游植物(微囊藻属Microcystis spp.、鱼腥藻属Anabaena spp.、颗粒直链藻Melosira granulata、小环藻属Cyclotella spp.、刚毛藻属Cladophora spp.等)
    G21Macrophyte大型水生植物(苔草Carex spp.、虉草Phalaris arundinacea、南荻Miscanthus lutarioriparius、蓼子草Persicaria criopolitana, 黑藻Hydrilla verticillata, 苦草Vallisneria natans 等)
    G22Detritus碎屑
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   模型平衡的生态学和热力学原则

    Table  2   Ecological and thermodynamic principles of model balance

    指标Index取值范围
    Value range
    生态营养效率Ecological efficiency (EE)0<EE≤1.00
    食物总转换效率Gross food conversion efficiency (GE=P/Q)0.100<GE<0.300
    净效率Net food conversion efficiency (NE)NE>GE
    呼吸量Respiratory (R)R>0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3   禁渔前后鄱阳湖生态系统总体特征参数对比

    Table  3   Comparison of general characteristic parameters of Poyang Lake ecosystem before and after the 10-Year Fishing Ban

    参数
    Parameter
    禁渔前
    Pre-ban 2018
    禁渔后
    Post-ban 2021
    与成熟生态系统的关系
    Relationship with mature ecosystem
    单位
    Unit
    生态系统成熟度参数Ecosystem Maturity
    净系统生产量 (NSP)7.77×1035.62×103成熟系统≈0t/(km2·
    year)
    总初级生产量/总呼吸量(TP/TR)4.772.86成熟系统≈1
    总初级生产量/总生物量(TP/TB)22.914.8负相关
    总生物量 (TB)430583正相关t/km2
    生态系统稳定性参数Ecosystem Stability
    连接指数 (CI)0.280.34正相关
    系统杂食指数 (SOI)0.210.44正相关
    循环指数 (FCI)2.43%9.12%成熟系统>0.5%
    总路径数 (TP)7252.95×103正相关
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S1   2018年和2021年鄱阳湖生态系统基本信息

    Appendix  S1   Basic information of Poyang Lake ecosystem in 2018 and 2021

    年份
    Year
    密度Density
    (tail/m3)
    水位
    Water level (m)
    鱼平均体重
    Average weight of fish (g)
    面积
    Area (km2)
    捕捞量
    (t)
    生物量Catch
    biomass (t/km2)
    201835.617.649.13000280006.48
    202165.016.6810.02800013.00
    注: 鱼的密度来自于内部鱼探仪测量数据; 鱼类个体平均体重和捕捞量数据来自内部资料; 其他水文信息参考鄱阳湖水文资源监测中心、江西水利厅Note: The fish density is derived from internal fish finder measurement data; average individual weight and catch data of fish come from internal sources; other hydrological information is referenced from the Poyang Lake Hydrological Resources Monitoring Center and the Jiangxi Water Resources Department
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S2   2018年和2021年鄱阳湖鱼类物种重量及数量百分比

    Appendix  S2   Weight and number percentage of fish species in Poyang Lake in 2018 and 2021

    名称
    Common name
    拉丁名
    Latin name
    编号
    Group No.
    2018年总重量占比
    2018 total weight
    percentage
    2018年总数量占比
    2018 total number
    percentage
    2021年总重量占比
    2021 total weight
    percentage
    2021年总数量占比
    2021 total number
    percentage
    鳗鲡Anguilla japonica20.01
    间下鱵Hyporamphus intermedius00.101.890.09
    短颌鲚Coilia brachygnathus70.714.132.1114.84
    刀鲚Coilia nasus70.030.030.952.14
    大斑花鳅Cobitis macrostigma140.010.07
    中华花鳅Cobitis sinensis140.120.01
    紫薄鳅Leptobotia taeniops140.010.16
    泥鳅Misgurnus anguillicaudatus140.010.07
    花斑副沙鳅Parabotia fasciata140.020.190.03
    大鳞副泥鳅Paramisgurnus dabryanus140.01
    武昌副沙鳅Parabotia banarescui14
    江西副沙鳅Parabotia kiangsiensis140.01
    棒花鱼Abbottina rivularis140.081.63
    大鳍鱊Acheilognathus macropterus140.543.720.131.49
    兴凯鱊Acheilognathus chankaensis140.081.32
    越南鱊Acheilognathus tonkinensis140.010.08
    无须鱊Acheilognathus gracilis140.04
    大口鱊Acheilognathus macromandibularis140.010.000.05
    寡鳞鱊Acheilognathus hypselonotus140.477.17
    Carassius auratus65.0013.965.9213.17
    达氏鲌Chanodichthys dabryi31.921.282.242.39
    红鳍原鲌Chanodichthys erythropterus31.642.340.500.92
    蒙古鲌Chanodichthys mongolicus33.981.641.551.23
    尖头鲌Chanodichthys oxycephalus3
    麦瑞加拉鲮Cirrhinus mrigala120.170.030.941.23
    Cirrhinus molitorella120.680.44
    铜鱼Coreius heterodon140.010.01
    草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus107.870.5114.603.41
    翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus39.933.356.933.09
    拟尖头鲌Culter oxycephaloides30.000.01
    Cyprinus carpio626.535.693.100.99
    圆吻鲴Distoechodon tumirostris12
    细鳞鲴Plagiognathops microlepis120.020.03
    Elopichthys bambusa10.720.030.130.01
    短须颌须鮈Gnathopogon imberbis14
    花䱻Hemibarbus maculatus140.711.230.310.47
    唇䱻Hemibarbus labeo140.010.000.01
    贝氏䱗Hemiculter bleekeri130.301.930.425.56
    Hemiculter leucisculus130.904.300.060.43
    Hypophthalmichthys molitrix86.770.5824.285.50
    Hypophthalmichthys nobilis95.390.2117.181.15
    Megalobrama skolkovii111.981.576.408.02
    团头鲂Megalobrama amblycephala110.450.080.990.52
    福建小鳔鮈Microphysogobio fukiensis140.06
    青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus50.460.130.220.16
    Ochetobius elongatus10.010.02
    稀有白甲鱼Onychostoma rarum120.010.01
    马口鱼Opsariichthys bidens130.10.180.00
    Parabramis pekinensis112.181.140.751.45
    似刺鳊鮈Paracanthobrama guichenoti140.230.140.100.07
    彩副鱊Paracheilognathus imberbis140.010.010.35
    长须片唇鮈Platysmacheilus longibarbatus140.03
    似鳊Pseudobrama simoni122.720.490.758.06
    似鮈Pseudogobio vaillanti140.010.02
    寡鳞飘鱼Pseudolaubuca engraulis130.040.10.040.38
    飘鱼Pseudolaubuca sinensis130.260.510.060.23
    斑点蛇鮈Saurogobio punctatus140.000.01
    光唇蛇鮈Saurogobio gymnocheilus140.040.510.020.45
    长蛇鮈Saurogobio dumerili140.010.000.01
    银鮈Squalidus argentatus140.092.030.000.62
    点纹银鮈Squalidus wolterstorffi140.01
    赤眼鳟Squaliobarbus curriculus110.920.390.200.16
    似鱎Toxabramis swinhonis130.070.100.000.02
    银鲴Xenocypris macrolepis120.391.230.421.23
    黄尾鲴Xenocypris davidi120.140.080.010.02
    大口黑鲈Micropterus salmoides10.02
    乌鳢Channa argus21.780.310.430.12
    粘皮鲻虾虎鱼Mugilogobius myxodermus14
    子陵吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus140.020.650.001.08
    波氏吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius cliffordpopei14
    小黄䱂鱼Micropercops swinhonis140.01
    河川沙塘鳢Odontobutis potamophila20.010.06
    叉尾斗鱼Macropodus opercularis1300.01
    圆尾斗鱼Macropodus chinensis1300.01
    Siniperca chuatsi12.611.343.451.41
    斑鳜Siniperca scherzeri10.020.01
    长身鳜Siniperca roulei1
    大眼鳜Siniperca kneri10.01
    大鳍半鲿Mystus macropterus40.01
    长吻鮠Leiocassis longirostris40.010.010.000.01
    瓦氏黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus vachelli40.30.250.120.07
    长须黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus eupogon40.130.340.323.68
    白边拟鲿Pseudobagrus albomarginatus40.060.190.020.05
    粗唇鮠Pseudobagrus crassilabris40.180.240.010.02
    圆尾拟鲿Pseudobagrus tenuis4
    细体拟鲿Pseudobagrus pratti40.000.02
    乌苏拟鲿Pelteobagrus ussuriensis40.000.01
    光泽疯鲿Tachysurus nitidus40.21.310.100.92
    黄颡鱼Tachysurus fulvidraco41.914.170.351.07
    纵带疯鲿Tachysurus argentivittatus400.050.000.01
    黑尾䱀Liobagrus nigricauda4
    革胡子鲇Clarias gariepinus2
    Silurus asotus27.474.381.731.78
    南方鲇Silurus meridionalis20.530.030.590.03
    中华刺鳅Sinobdella sinensis140.010.090.000.03
    黄鳝Monopterus albus140.020.04
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S3   2018年和2021年鄱阳湖各鱼类功能组的重量百分比及生物量

    Appendix  S3   Weight percentage and biomass of all fish groups in Poyang Lake in 2018 and 2021

    编号Group No.重量比Weight ratio of group (%)栖息地生物量占比Biomass in habitat area (t/km2)
    2018202120182021
    G13.383.590.220.47
    G29.802.740.630.36
    G317.4711.241.131.46
    G42.800.920.180.12
    G50.460.220.030.03
    G631.539.022.041.17
    G70.743.060.050.40
    G86.7724.280.443.16
    G95.3917.180.352.23
    G107.8714.600.511.90
    G115.538.350.361.09
    G123.412.830.220.37
    G131.670.580.110.08
    G141.911.050.120.14
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S4   P/B和Q/B系数计算所需参数汇总

    Appendix  S4   Summary of required parameters for calculation of P/B and Q/B coefficient

    编号Group No.组成CompositionLmean (cm)Lmin (cm)Lmax (cm)Linf (cm)KMestP/BQ/B
    7短颌鲚Coilia brachygnathus,
    刀鲚Coilia nasus
    15.083.0030.0031.580.440.760.608.50
    9Aristichthys nobilis36.769.2091.0095.790.530.361.149.60
    8Hypophthalmichthys molitrix23.844.6092.0096.840.330.471.257.30
    5青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus14.428.1057.0060.000.220.391.594.00
    10草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idellus29.276.7092.0096.840.210.330.637.40
    11团头鲂Megalobrama amblycephala11.725.8066.8070.320.220.372.188.30
    11Megalobrama skolkovii12.503.7040.0042.110.300.531.0117.20
    11Parabramis pekinensis15.033.5031.5033.160.310.580.4916.20
    11赤眼鳟Squaliobarbus curriculus20.026.0032.7034.420.370.660.3812.40
    13贝氏䱗Hemiculter bleekeri8.483.2014.3015.050.701.200.8715.10
    13Hemiculter leucisculus9.933.1044.0046.320.150.310.8012.10
    13飘鱼Pseudolaubuca sinensis14.546.4021.2022.320.791.230.7516.60
    14光唇蛇鮈Saurogobio
    gymnocheilus
    7.224.0010.5011.050.440.810.5214.30
    14蛇鮈Saurogobio dabryi10.825.5019.6020.630.621.091.1418.90
    14银鮈Squalidus argentatus6.323.4013.2013.890.851.522.2017.60
    14棒花鱼Abbottina rivularis5.832.7017.9018.840.230.540.9620.40
    14华鳈Sarcocheilichthys
    sinensis,
    黑鳍鳈Sarcocheilichthys
    nigripinnis
    8.274.6013.4014.110.861.531.3722.50
    14花䱻Hemibarbus maculatus,
    唇䱻Hemibarbus labeo
    13.237.0029.0030.530.190.410.536.80
    14铜鱼Coreius heterodon15.5810.5019.8020.840.40.790.419.60
    14紫薄鳅Leptobotia taeniaps6.284.6011.0011.580.440.971.3916.90
    14花斑副沙鳅Parabotia fasciata6.993.5015.0015.790.410.861.0318.70
    14中华刺鳅Sinobdella sinensis11.677.0016.2017.050.410.840.4722.80
    14中华花鳅Cobitis sinensis5.803.8012.9013.580.430.891.6721.10
    14黄鳝Monopterus albus26.810.0037.3039.260.410.690.309.50
    14子陵吻虾虎鱼Rhinogobius giurinus,
    小黄䱂鱼Micropercops swinhonis
    4.121.908.008.420.651.411.2614.60
    1Elopichthys bambusa40.3519.5096.50101.580.240.360.708.20
    3达氏鲌Chanodichthys dabryi16.416.4044.2046.530.360.601.085.50
    3红鳍原鲌Chanodichthys erythropterus13.593.5029.7031.261.171.582.056.60
    3蒙古鲌Chanodichthys mongolicus19.262.7046.7049.160.410.650.744.80
    3翘嘴鲌Culter alburnus21.523.0074.0077.890.260.410.794.20
    1Siniperca chuatsi,
    斑鳜Siniperca scherzeri,
    长身鳜Siniperca roulei,
    大眼鳜Siniperca kneri,
    14.835.8056.6059.580.450.662.234.10
    2Silurus asotus,
    大口鲇Silurus meridionalis
    22.455.4090.9095.680.220.350.943.70
    2河川沙塘鳢Odontobutis potamophila7.774.3012.8013.470.861.271.415.90
    2乌鳢Channa argus23.387.4051.0053.680.590.831.124.90
    4粗唇鮠Pseudobagrus crassilabris,
    长吻鮠Leiocassis longirostris,
    细体拟鲿Pseudobagrus pratti
    12.034.4027.8029.260.250.510.5615.00
    4光泽黄颡鱼Pelteobaggrus nitidus,
    长须黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus eupogon
    9.653.0021.0022.110.400.770.7512.90
    4黄颡鱼Tachysurus fulvidraco10.922.4033.2034.940.210.430.596.20
    4瓦氏黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus vachelli16.107.9028.3029.790.380.690.6311.10
    6Carassius auratus8.202.7055.9058.840.570.805.256.50
    6Cyprinus carpio17.951.0084.7089.160.250.391.059.10
    12黄尾鲴Xenocypris davidi,
    圆吻鲴Distoechodon tumirostris
    16.528.3030.0031.580.370.670.6810.40
    12银鲴Xenocypris macrolepis10.775.5026.0027.370.330.641.0416.40
    12似鳊Pseudobrama simoni8.353.0099.20104.4290.640.7511.4916.10
    14大鳍鱊Acheilognathus macropterus,
    兴凯鱊Acheilognathus chankaensis,
    无须鱊Acheilognathus gracilis,
    大口鱊Acheilognathus macromandibularis
    6.252.507.407.790.921.850.3832.70
    14高体鳑鲏Rhodeus ocellatus ,
    中华鳑鲏Rhodeus sinensis
    3.992.706.206.531.432.702.8235.80
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S5   各鱼类功能组的P/B、Q/B系数

    Appendix  S5   P/B and Q/B coefficients of each fish functional group

    编号Group No.P/BQ/B
    G12.9312.30
    G23.4814.50
    G34.6621.10
    G42.5445.20
    G51.594.00
    G66.3015.60
    G70.608.50
    G81.257.30
    G91.149.60
    G100.637.40
    G114.0554.10
    G1213.2142.90
    G132.4343.80
    G1416.46282.20
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S6   2018年鄱阳湖生态系统的渔业捕捞数据(Fleet1表示唯一的渔业捕捞功能组)

    Appendix  S6   Fishery data of the Poyang Lake ecosystem in 2018 (Fleet1 represents the only-one fishing function group)

    编号Group No.功能组Group nameFleet1合计Total
    1Piscivorous fishes0.380.38
    2Demersal carnivorous1.101.10
    3Culters1.961.96
    4Siluriformes0.310.31
    5Black carp0.050.05
    6C-carps3.533.53
    7Anchovy0.080.08
    8Silver carp0.760.76
    9Bighead carp0.600.60
    10Grass carp0.880.88
    11Bream0.620.62
    12Xenocypris0.380.38
    13S-pelagic0.200.20
    14S-demersal0.330.33
    15Shrimps00
    16Zoobenthos00
    17Cladocera-copepoda00
    18Microzooplankton00
    19Attached algae00
    20Phytoplankton00
    21Macrophyte00
    22Detritus00
    23Sum11.1911.19
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S7   鄱阳湖生态系统模型的食物组成矩阵(上: 2018; 下2021)

    Appendix  S7   Matrix of diet composition for the Poyang Lake ecosystem model (Up: 2018; down: 2021)

    被捕食者Predator捕食者Prey
    G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G10G11G12G13G14G15G16G17G18
    G10.01
    G20.01
    G30.150.02
    G40.05
    G50.01
    G60.1830.140.181
    G70.11
    G80.020.01
    G90.010.020.01
    G100.010.020.05
    G110.0160.030.05
    G120.120.10.1440.016
    G130.1010.010.070.020.05
    G140.180.240.320.3030.010.050.06
    G150.050.0830.020.2520.250.090.30.0410.065
    G160.060.110.030.3520.650.6670.260.320.4090.250.3
    G170.10.020.1010.20.080.60.050.050.090.20.060.060.20.30.2
    G180.0080.0030.040.080.020.190.0060.090.0050.010.050.150.05
    G190.050.80.10.030.030.1440.020.140.030.050.30.4
    G200.010.110.150.20.0240.2040.080.090.020.120.12
    G210.0490.0120.750.70.0730.090.17
    G220.0950.0220.10.0920.10.0140.020.3490.0360.250.510.510.130.23
    总计Sum111111111111111111
    被捕食者Predator捕食者Prey
    G1G2G3G4G5G6G7G8G9G10G11G12G13G14G15G16G17G18
    G10.01
    G20.0020.1
    G30.150.02
    G40.010.050.020.03
    G50.010.01
    G60.1810.050.230.013
    G70.110.020.001
    G80.060.03
    G90.060.1
    G100.0260.060.05
    G110.030.060.04
    G120.040.060.140.0360.16
    G130.1010.020.090.0510.2
    G140.040.020.230.250.250.065
    G150.010.120.1480.150.150.240.050.20.141
    G160.110.110.120.20.090.20.220.3090.150.30.07
    G170.040.020.050.050.1030.050.060.060.220.150.05
    G180.060.110.060.2930.10.130.130.150.30.1060.170.190.0960.1350.110.150.050.05
    G190.100.30.20.10.050.330.030.1940.160.130.110.120.3
    G200.10.20.240.20.040.140.210.090.1740.10.1440.1040.160.10.050.050.27
    G210.0660.10.150.050.050.15
    G220.090.030.0720.080.2300.150.20.040.30.1490.140.380.30.350.480.33
    总计Sum111111111111111111
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S8   2018年鄱阳湖生态系统模型基本输入与输出参数

    Appendix  S8   Basic input and estimated parameters of Poyang Lake ecosystem model during 2018

    编号
    No.
    功能组
    Group
    营养级
    TL
    生物量
    B (t/km2)
    生产量/
    生物量P/B
    消耗量/
    生物量 Q/B
    生态营养
    效率EE
    生产量/
    消耗量 P/Q
    1Fierce carnivorous3.630.1942.9412.30.6640.239
    2Demersal carnivorous3.480.5643.4814.50.5810.240
    3Culters3.311.014.6616.10.4430.290
    4Siluriformes3.030.1614.8016.30.9450.294
    5Black carp2.980.05002.8512.00.9350.238
    6C-carps2.931.815.2015.60.8560.333
    7Anchovy2.960.4262.208.500.3690.259
    8Silver carp2.120.6201.807.300.8980.247
    9Bigheadcarp2.460.5802.509.600.8800.260
    10Grasscarp2.070.5304.4012.00.8750.367
    11Bream2.060.4804.5022.10.8670.204
    12Xenocyprididae2.460.33012.032.90.6930.365
    13S-pelagic2.680.3108.0020.30.9620.394
    14S-demersal2.540.70020.050.00.9600.400
    15Shrimps2.411.917.5036.00.3740.208
    16Zoobenthos2.0830.52.0034.00.9030.059
    17Cladocera-copepoda2.2924.013.042.00.4340.310
    18Microzooplankton2.0520.422.070.00.6210.314
    19Attachedalgae1.0020.099.00.510
    20Phytoplankton1.0055.01100.154
    21Macrophyte1.002706.700.107
    22Detritus1.004700.119
    注: 粗体为模型计算; “—”表示无数据输出Note: Bolds represent results calculated by the model; “—” represents no output data
    下载: 导出CSV

    附表  S9   2021年鄱阳湖生态系统模型基本输入与输出参数

    Appendix  S9   Basic input and estimated parameters of Poyang Lake ecosystem model during 2021

    编号
    No.
    功能组
    Group
    营养级
    TL
    生物量
    B (t/km2)
    生产量/
    生物量P/B
    消耗量/
    生物量 Q/B
    生态营养
    效率EE
    生产量/
    消耗量 P/Q
    1Fierce carnivorous3.860.6682.9412.30.04200.239
    2Demersal carnivorous3.450.6503.4814.50.4240.240
    3Culters3.171.463.6616.10.3180.228
    4Siluriformes2.881.205.0016.30.6850.307
    5Black carp2.640.03004.0012.00.8150.333
    6C-carps2.801.735.2015.60.8950.333
    7Anchovy3.261.002.208.500.5890.259
    8Silver carp2.923.160.8007.300.3070.110
    9Bigheadcarp3.192.233.009.600.5340.313
    10Grasscarp2.511.902.207.400.4680.297
    11Bream2.741.085.0022.10.7650.226
    12Xenocyprididae2.870.83013.142.90.9120.305
    13S-pelagic2.880.8107.0023.00.8560.304
    14S-demersal2.561.6015.845.00.8750.351
    15Shrimps2.664.008.5035.00.4960.243
    16Zoobenthos2.5576.010.026.00.2870.385
    17Cladocera-copepoda2.2450.021.056.00.9210.375
    18Microzooplankton2.1224.029.077.00.8480.377
    19Attachedalgae1.0015.71100.667
    20Phytoplankton1.0045.01010.175
    21Macrophyte1.003506.800.222
    22Detritus1.001800.328
    注: 粗体为模型计算; “—”表示无数据输出Note: Bolds represent results calculated by the model; “—” represents no output data
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-12-28
  • 修回日期:  2024-03-04
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-04-11
  • 刊出日期:  2024-08-14

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