Abstract: Chemical communication is an important methods of interaction among aquatic animals, enabling them to recognize different chemical communication substances through specialized chemoreceptive organ. These signals regulate behavior by engaging a variety of different pathways once received by animals. The research on chemical communication and behavioral regulation mechanism in animals is the frontier and hot field of biology research in the world. In recent years, significant progress has been made in studying chemical communication in aquatic animals. However, compared to higher animals and insects, the research is relatively backward and faces many problems. For example, special water environmental media bring technical and equipment challenges to the research of aquatic animal chemical communication, the tissues and organs of aquatic animals are different from terrestrial organisms in structures and developmental characteristics, and the identification of chemical communication substances, their pathways, and mechanisms remains unclear. Furthermore, chemical communication plays a crucial role in regulating behaviors such as mating, predation, aggressive, aggregation, and swimming, all of which are closely related to the aquaculture production and economic benefits of economic aquatic animals. The lack of relevant basic research can not provide theoretical support and technical guidance for practical aquaculture production. This review focuses on the current research progress in the release and reception mode, pheromone types, and behavior regulation processes of chemical communication-pheromone in aquatic animals, such as crustaceans and fish. It also explores the application prospect of pheromone in aquaculture and other fishery activities, aiming to provide a reference for national aquatic animal behavior research and aquaculture applications.