镜鲤的热耐受及其影响因素

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THERMAL TOLERANCE OF MIRROR CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. SPECULARIS)

  • 摘要: 为考察不同因素对鲤科鱼类热耐受的影响, 研究以镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. specularis)幼鱼为实验对象, 探究在不同因素处理后该鱼种的临界温度(即临界低温, Critical thermal minimum, CTmin; 临界高温, Critical thermal maximum, CTmax)和致死温度(即致死低温, Lethal thermal minimum, LTmin; 致死高温, Lethal thermal maximum, LTmax)的变化特征。研究发现: 个体大小、运动训练和饥饿对镜鲤的高温耐受均无影响, 但对镜鲤的低温耐受产生影响。其中, 大个体组的CTmin和LTmin均显著低于小个体组(P<0.001), 并且体重与临界低温呈负相关, 即体型越大, 其耐低温能力越强。饥饿组的CTmin和LTmin均显著高于对照组(P<0.05), 表明饥饿显著降低了镜鲤幼鱼的低温耐受能力。此外, 食物消化对镜鲤的高温耐受和低温耐受能力均无影响。尽管运动训练对于镜鲤幼鱼的高温耐受无影响, 但是运动训练显著提高了镜鲤的低温耐受能力(P<0.05)。研究表明, 个体大小、运动训练、饥饿和消化对镜鲤的高温耐受能力无影响, 但其低温耐受能力受到营养状态、运动训练及体型的影响。

     

    Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of various factors on the thermal tolerance of cyprinid fish, specifically mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis), which were utilized as experimental subjects to explore their critical thermal temperatures, including critical thermal minimum (CTmin) and maximum (CTmax), as well as lethal thermal minimum (LTmin) and maximum temperature (LTmax). Our study revealed that individual body size, exercise training, and starvation had no impact on the high temperature tolerance of mirror carp; however, these factors did affect the low temperature tolerance. Both CTmin and LTmin were lower in larger individuals compared to smaller ones (P<0.001), with a negative correlation between body weight and critical thermal minimum, indicating that larger body size enhances low temperature tolerance. The starvation group exhibited significantly higher CTmin and LTmin values than that of the control group (P<0.05), suggesting that starvation reduces the low temperature tolerance. Furthermore, food digestion had no effect on both high and low temperature tolerances in mirror carp. Although exercise training did not influence high temperature tolerance, it significantly improved low temperature tolerance (P<0.05). Overall, our findings demonstrate that while high-temperature tolerance in mirror carp is unaffected by body size, exercise training, starvation, or digestion, low-temperature tolerance is influenced by body size, exercise training, and nutritional status.

     

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