春夏季投喂率与夏季间歇性断食对杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”生长、存活和健康指标的影响

EFFECTS OF FEEDING RATE IN SPRING AND SUMMER AND INTERMITTENT FASTING ON THE GROWTH, SURVIVAL AND HEALTH INDICATORS IN HYBRID YELLOW CATFISH “HUANG YOU 1”

  • 摘要: 为探究杂交黄颡鱼更加绿色高效的投喂策略, 研究以杂交黄颡鱼“黄优1号”为试验对象, 在湖北地区池塘网箱中开展了春季不同投喂率0、0.5%、表观饱食(2.1%)、夏季不同投喂率1%、2%、表观饱食(3.9%)和不同间歇性断食投喂(3d饱食1d断食, 7d饱食1d断食)对杂交黄颡鱼生长、存活和肝功能、肠道屏蔽及免疫功能等健康指标的影响。研究结果显示, 在春季(4月12日—5月3日), 随投喂率增加, 生长速度显著提高, 存活率显著降低, 0.5%投喂率下杂交黄颡鱼的健康指标显著优于0%投喂率组和表观饱食投喂组。在夏季(6月1日—7月13日), 随投喂率增加, 生长速度显著上升, 到达表观饱食投喂后, 3d饱食1d断食的间歇性断食方案显著降低生长速度, 7d饱食1d断食的间歇性断食方案与表观饱食投喂的生长速度无显著差异。此外, 夏季研究结果进一步显示, 不同投喂率组和不同间歇性断食方案组之间的存活率无显著性差异, 2%投喂率下的健康指标显著优于1%投喂率组、表观饱食组、3d饱食1d断食组和7d饱食1d断食组。综合上述研究结果和生产实践需求, 建议在春季水温在15—26℃波动时50g左右杂交黄颡鱼的投喂率为0.5%, 该投喂率既能保证及时恢复体质, 又能显著降低春季投喂恢复期的死亡风险; 建议夏季水温26—32℃时10 g左右杂交黄颡鱼采用7d饱食1d断食的投喂策略, 既能保证最快生长速度, 又能节省约14%总饲料投入量。

     

    Abstract: To explore a greener and more efficient feeding strategy in hybrid yellow catfish, the current study investigated the effects of feeding rates in the spring (0, 0.5%, and apparent satiety at 2.1%; April 12th to May 3rd), and summer (1%, 2%, and apparent satiety at 3.9%; June 1st to July 13th) as well as fasting feeding strategies (3 days feeding plus 1 day fasting, 7 days feeding plus 1 day fasting) on the growth, survival, and health indicators in hybrid yellow catfish “Huangyou No.1”. Results showed that in spring, growth rate increased significantly while survival rate decreased significantly as the increasing of feeding rate. The health indicators at the 0.5% feeding rate were significantly better than those at the other two feeding rates. In the summer experiments, growth performance increased significantly with increasing feeding rate. However, growth decreased significantly in the feeding strategy of 3 days feeding plus 1 day fasting, and there was no significant difference between the strategies of 7 days feeding plus 1 day fasting and apparent satiety. Moreover, there were no significant differences in survival rate among different feed rates and feeding strategies in the summer experiments. The health index in 2% feeding rate was significantly better than those groups of 1% feeding rate, apparent satiety, 3 days feeding plus 1 day fasting, 7 days feeding plus 1 day fasting. Combining the above results and production practices, it is recommended that the feeding rate should be around 0.5% for 50g yellow catfish in the spring (water temperature 15℃—26℃). This feeding rate can not only ensure hybrid yellow catfish regains physical fitness in time, but also significantly reduce mortality. For 10 g yellow catfish in the summer (water temperature 26—32℃), the 7 days feeding plus 1 day fasting strategy is recommended, as it ensures the highest growth rate while saving 14% of the total feed input.

     

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