Abstract: This paper reports a new species of Pseudorhabdochona collected fromMabian County, 28°51' N, 103°32' E, Sichuan Province. The type specimens aredeposited in the Institute of Fisheries, Ningxia Hin Autonomous Region.Pseudorhabdochona mabianensis sp. nov. (Fig. 1)Holotype ♂, allotype ♀, paratype 22♂♂, 9♀♀, were collected from the intestineof the fishes.The new species is distinguished from P. heaufortis Liu et Wu, 1941 which isthe only other species in the genus by having egg filamentS and a barb on smallspicule, and the length ratio of tWo spicules is :2.1-2.7:1 in the former, and 5.1;1in the latter.Pseudorhabdochona Liu et Wu, 1941 was synonymized with Rhabdochona Raillet,1916 by Yamaguti (1961), but it was considered as a valid genus by Strjabin (1976)and Xu Human (1975). Moravec (1972) considered that Liu et Wu (1941) observedthe swelling of caudal cuhcule of male as the caudal alae after fixation, soPseudorhabdochna beaufortis Liu et Wu, 1941 should be transfered to RhabdochonaRailled 1916, and Pseudorhabdochona was certainly synonymized witLh Anabdochona.But many vivid and fixed specimens of the new species corfirm the presence of thecaudal alae of male. Therefore, Pseudorhabdochona should be considered as a validgenus. According to caudal alae, Pseudorhabdochona can be easily dishnguished withRhabdochona.