越冬池冰下浮游生物的研究

STUDIES ON THE UNDER-ICE PLANKTON OF THE OVERWINTERING FISHPONDS

  • 摘要: 越冬池冰下浮游植物主要由光甲藻、隐藻、小环藻、壳虫藻、衣藻、棕鞭藻等优势属组成,重点试验池平均生物量为38.8±13.06毫克/升。与明水期相比其种数较少而现存量不低;原生动物、桡足类和轮虫类构成冰下主要浮游动物。重点池平均生物量为6.21±6.52毫克/升,其中轮虫量最高。冰下浮游植物量各水层不同,86.7%的越冬池表层多于底层,另13.3%底层多于表层。光甲藻等鞭毛藻有明显的昼夜垂直移动。冰下浮游生物量有月变化和年变化,文中分析了引起这些变化的生态因素,同时探讨了与生物增氧有关的几个问题。

     

    Abstract: This paper embodies the results of investigations on the under-ice plankton in over-wintering fish ponds during 1978—1981. They may be summarized as follows:1. There are not so many species of phytoplankton and zooplankton under winter ice, but their standing crops can be not lower than those in comparable ponds at growing seasons.2. The average biomass of phytoplankton was 38.8 mg/l, in which the dominant forms were: Glenodinium, Cryptomonas, Chroomonas, Chlamydomonas, Ochromonas, Trachelomonas, Cyclotella, Chlorella and Scenedesmus.3. The biomass of zooplankton averaged 6.21 mg/l, and was composed mainly of rotifers and cyclopoidea.4. The standing crops of phytoplankton showed a vertical variation, which in general was higher at the surface layer. Certain flagellates such as Glenodinium exhibit diurnal vertical movements in under-ice waters.5. There is a negative correlation (r=-0.435,n=153) between the phytoplankton biomass (x) and transparency (Y). The equation is:Y=83.91-0.72xIn this paper the correlations of the under-ice plankton with the ecological factors are also discussed.

     

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