水温和体重对白斑红点鲑临界游泳速度和游动耗氧率的影响
EFFECTS OF THE WATER TEMPERATURE AND THE WEIGHT ON THE CRITICAL SWIMMING SPEED AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION RATE OF SALVELINUS LEUCOMAENIS
-
摘要: 为了揭示水温和体重对白斑红点鲑(Salvelinus leucomaenis)临界游泳速度和游动耗氧率的影响, 利用试验生态学方法测定了不同体重(1龄组、2龄组和3龄组)的白斑红点鲑在4、8、12、16、20和24℃共6个水温的临界游泳速度和游泳耗氧率。结果表明: 水温和体重对临界游泳速度的单独效应均显著(P0.05), 但水温和体重交互作用效应却不显著(P0.05), 在相同水温下白斑红点鲑临界游泳速度均随着年龄的增长(体重增加)而增加。水温4℃时3个年龄组白斑红点鲑临界游泳速度均最低, 分别为(21.61.06)、(22.930.61)和(30.271.29) cm/s, 随着水温的升高临界游泳速度均不断增加, 当水温升高到16℃时临界游泳速度达到最大值, 分别为(39.60.80)、(46.800.80)和(53.731.22) cm/s, 此后随着水温进一步升高到20℃, 临界游泳速度虽出现略微降低, 但经统计分析16℃和20℃时临界游泳速度无显著性差异(P0.05), 当水温达到24℃时却出现明显降低。水温和流速以及二者的交互作用对游泳耗氧率的影响均达到显著水平(P0.05), 白斑红点鲑在适宜的相同水温和流速时体重越大其游泳耗氧率越低, 整体观察3个年龄组白斑红点鲑鲑游泳耗氧率均随着水温和流速的增高而增高, 但当水温和流速升高到一定值游泳耗氧率却出现降低。研究得出体重较大的个体在相同水温下抵抗水流的游泳能力较强, 3个年龄组白斑红点鲑适宜的最高水温不应超过20℃, 最高流速依次不应超过32、40和48 cm/s。Abstract: In this study, we applied ecological methods to measure the critical swimming speed and the oxygen consumption rate of three age groups of Salvelinus leucomaenis (one-year old, two-year old and three-year old) at different water temperatures (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24℃) and the flow velocity. The results showed that both the water temperature and the body weight had significant effects on the critical swimming speed (P0.05), however, the interaction between the two factors did not (P0.05). At the same water temperature, the critical swimming speed of Salvelinus leucomaenis increased along with the aging/increase in weight. At 4℃, the critical swimming speed was the lowest, which were (21.61.06) cm/s, (22.930.61) cm/s and (30.271.29) cm/s for the three groups respectively. The critical swimming speed increased along with the rise of the water temperature in all groups, and reached the maximum at 16℃, which were (39.60.80) cm/s, (46.800.80) cm/s and (53.731.22) cm/s for the three groups respectively. Then the speed slightly decreased as the water temperature rose to 20℃. However, there was no statistical difference in the speed at 16℃and at 20℃ (P0.05). When the water temperature further rose to 24℃, the critical swimming speed dropped significantly. The water temperature, the flow velocity and the interaction between these two factors displayed significant effects on the oxygen consumption rate (P0.05). Under the same suitable conditions, the oxygen consumption rate of Salvelinus leucomaenis significantly decreased as the weight increased. Overall, the oxygen consumption rates of the three groups were all increased with the rise of the water temperature and the flow rate, but the swimming oxygen consumption appeared to decrease when the water temperature and the flow rate reached a certain value. This study demonstrated that heavier individuals had higher swimming ability against the water flow given the same water temperature. The suitable water temperature for the three groups of Salvelinus leucomaenis should not exceed 20℃, and the maximum flow rate should be no higher than 32 cm/s, 40 cm/s and 48 cm/s for the three groups respectively.
-
-
[1] Ren M L. Ichthyofauna of the Heilongjiang River [J]. Chinese Journal of Fisheries, 1994, 7(1): 114 [任慕莲. 黑龙江鱼类区系. 水产学杂志, 1994, 7(1): 114]
[2] Zhang Y Q, Yin J S, Du J, et al. The artificial propagation of Salvelinus leucomaenis [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2011, 38(6): 902906 [张永泉, 尹家胜, 杜佳, 等. 白斑红点鲑人工繁殖. 安徽农业大学学报, 2011, 38(6): 902906]
[3] Zhang Y Q, Yin J S, Wang B Q, et al. Effects of stocking density on growth, survival and behavior of juvenile Siberian charr Salvelinus leucomaeni [J]. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University, 2009, 24(6): 520524 [张永泉, 尹家胜, 王丙乾, 等. 养殖密度对白点鲑幼鱼生长、存活以及行为的影响. 大连水产学院学报, 2009, 24(6): 520524]
[4] Grav J. Studies in animal locomotion I. The movement of fish with special reference to the eel [J]. Journal of Experimental Biology, 1933, 10: 88104
[5] Shen X M, Zhao Q L. The effects of water temperature and do on the respiratory rates of immature Fugu obscure [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2001, 20(4): 1315 [沈旭明, 赵清良. 温度、溶解氧对暗纹东方鱼屯幼鱼呼吸频率的影响. 生态学杂志, 2001, 20(4) :1315]
[6] Feng X, Chen P M, Qing C X. Advancement of the study on respiratory metabolism of fishery resources organism [J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2012, (4): 9295 [冯雪, 陈丕茂, 秦传新. 渔业资源生物呼吸代谢研究进展. 广州农业科学, 2012, (4): 9295]
[7] Yuan X, Li L P, Tu Z Y, et al. The effect of temperature on fatigue induced changes in the physiology and swimming ability of juvenile Aristichthys nobilis (Bighead carp) [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2014, 38(3): 505509 [袁喜, 李丽萍, 涂志英, 等. 温度对鳙幼鱼疲劳引起的生理变化和游泳能力的影响研究. 水生生物学报, 2014, 38(3): 505509]
[8] Claireaux G, Lagardre J P. Influence of temperature, oxygen and salinity on the metabolism of the European sea bass [J]. Journal of Sea Research, 1999, 42(2): 157168
[9] Sun B Z, Huang H, Cao W X, et al. Studies on the oxygen consumption rate and asphyxiant point of Megalobrama pellegrini and Coreius guichcnoti [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2010, 34(1): 8993 [孙宝柱, 黄浩, 曹文宣, 等. 厚颌鲂和圆口铜鱼耗氧率与窒息点的测定. 水生生物学报, 2010, 34(1): 8993]
[10] Lei S J. Effect of salinity and body weight on the oxygen consumption of Oreochromis niloticus O. mossambicus [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, 13(6): 739742 [雷思佳. 盐度与体重对台湾红罗非鱼耗氧率的影响. 应用生态学报, 2002, 13(6): 739742]
[11] Tu Z Y, Yuan X, Wang C F, et al. Swimming capability and activity metabolism of subadult schizothorax macropogon [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2012, 36(4): 682688 [涂志英, 袁喜, 王从锋, 等. 亚成体巨须裂腹鱼游泳能力及活动代谢研究. 水生生物学报, 2012, 36(4): 682688]
[12] Zeng L Q, Zhang Y G, Fu S J, et al. Effects of acute temperature change on resting oxygen consumption rate and critical swimming speed in juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen) [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2011, 35(2): 276282 [曾令清, 张耀光, 付世建, 等. 双向急性变温对南方鲇幼鱼静止耗氧率和临界游泳速度的影响. 水生生物学报, 2011, 35(2): 276282]
[13] Xu G F, Wang Y Y, Han Y, et al. Effect of locomotion and feeding on metabolic mode of juvenile lenok, Brachymystax lenok (Pallas) under different water temperature conditions [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(4): 11561162 [徐革锋, 王裕玉, 韩英, 等. 不同温度条件下运动和摄食对细鳞鲑幼鱼代谢模式的影响. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(4): 11561162]
[14] Zhang W, Cao Z D, Fu S J. Effect of dissolved oxygen level on metabolic mode in juvenile crucian carp [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(18): 58065812 [张伟, 曹振东, 付世建. 溶氧水平对鲫鱼代谢模式的影响. 生态学报, 2012, 32(18): 58065812]
[15] Wang P, Gui F K, Wu C W. Classification of fish swimming speed [J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2010, 17(5): 11371146 [王萍, 桂福坤, 吴常文. 鱼类游泳速度分类方法的探讨. 中国水产科学, 2010, 17(5): 11371146]
[16] Brett J R, Hollands M, Alderdice D R. The effect of temperature on the cruising speed of young sockeye and coho salmon [J]. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 1958, 15(4): 587605
[17] Rebecca F, Jeffrey M L, Domine L C, et al. Critical swimming speeds of late-stage coral reef fish larvae: variation within species, among species and between locations [J]. Marine Biology, 2005, 147(5): 12011212
[18] Mateus C S, Quintella B R, Almeida P R. The critical swimming speed of Iberian barbel Barbus bocagei in relation to size and sex [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2008, 73(7): 17831789
[19] Farrell A P. Comparisons of swimming performance in rainbow trout using constant acceleration and critical swimming speed tests [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2008, 72(3): 693710
[20] Boutilier R G, Ferguson R A, Henry R P, et al. Exhaustive exercise in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus): Relationship between anaerobic metabolism and intracellular acid-base balance [J]. Journal of Experimental Biology, 1993, 178: 7l88
[21] Yuan X, Tu Z Y, Han J C, et al. Effects of flow rate on swimming behavior and energy consumption of Schizothorax chongi [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2012, 36(2): 270275 [袁喜, 涂志英, 韩京成, 等. 流速对细鳞裂腹鱼游泳行为及能量消耗影响的研究. 水生生物学报, 2012, 36(2): 270275]
[22] Bi Y B, Jiang S, Liu H Y, et al. Effect of temperature and weight on oxygen consumption rate andammonia excretion rate of Haliotis discus hannai [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2000, 6(5): 444446 [毕远溥, 蒋双, 刘海映, 等. 温度、体重对皱纹盘鲍耗氧量和排氨量的影响. 应用与环境生物学报, 2000, 6(5): 444446]
[23] Wen X B, Chen L Q, Ai C X, et al. Effects of temperature and body weight on fasting metabolism of the juvenile Eriocheir sinensis [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2003, 27(4): 357361 [温小波, 陈立侨, 艾春香, 等. 温度和体重对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹饥饿代谢的影响. 水生生物学报, 2003, 27(4): 357361]
[24] Luo J, Liu C W, Li F, et al. Suffocation point and diurnal metabolism pattern of Hemifusus tuba (Gmelin) [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(9): 20922096 [罗杰, 刘楚吾, 李锋, 等. 管角螺窒息点及昼夜代谢规律. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(9): 20922096]
[25] Lee C G, Devlin R H, Farrell A P. Swimming performance, oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption in adult transgenic and ocean-ranched coho salmon [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2003, 62: 753766
[26] Song B L, Lin X T, Wang W J, et al. Effects of water velocities on rheotaxis behaviour and oxygen consumption rate of tinfoil barbs Barbodes schwanenfeldi [J]. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 2008, 54(4): 686694 [宋波澜, 林小涛, 王伟军, 等. 不同流速下红鳍银鲫趋流行为与耗氧率的变化. 动物学报, 2008, 54(4): 686694]
[27] Cai L, Liu G Y, Rachel Taupier, et al. The recovery of swimming performance of juvenile Schizothorax prenanti after fatigue [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2013, 37(6): 993998 [蔡露, 刘国勇, Rachel Taupier, 等. 齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼疲劳后游泳特性恢复状况研究. 水生生物学报, 2013, 37(6): 993998]
计量
- 文章访问数: 1766
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 514
下载: