Cu、Zn在黑藻叶片中的富集及其毒理学分析

徐勤松, 施国新, 许丙军, 吴国荣, 胡金朝

徐勤松, 施国新, 许丙军, 吴国荣, 胡金朝. Cu、Zn在黑藻叶片中的富集及其毒理学分析[J]. 水生生物学报, 2007, 31(1): 1-8.
引用本文: 徐勤松, 施国新, 许丙军, 吴国荣, 胡金朝. Cu、Zn在黑藻叶片中的富集及其毒理学分析[J]. 水生生物学报, 2007, 31(1): 1-8.
BIOACCUMULATION AND TOXICITY OF Cu AND Zn IN HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA(LINN.F.) ROYLE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2007, 31(1): 1-8.
Citation: BIOACCUMULATION AND TOXICITY OF Cu AND Zn IN HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA(LINN.F.) ROYLE[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2007, 31(1): 1-8.

Cu、Zn在黑藻叶片中的富集及其毒理学分析

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金(30370083)

江苏省教育厅自然科学基金(05KJB180067)

江苏省重点实验室开放基金

南京师范大学科研启动基金共同资助

BIOACCUMULATION AND TOXICITY OF Cu AND Zn IN HYDRILLA VERTICILLATA(LINN.F.) ROYLE

  • 摘要: 本文以分布广泛的沉水植物———黑藻为研究对象,在人工模拟的含不同浓度的Cu、Zn污水中培养7d,研究了Cu、Zn在黑藻体内的富集及部分毒理学影响。研究表明:黑藻对Cu和Zn都有较强的富集作用,黑藻叶片中的Cu、Zn含量都随介质中金属浓度的增大而呈增长趋势,统计分析都达到极显著正相关(RCu=0.9875,P0.01;RZn=0.9990,P0.01)。但黑藻对Cu、Zn吸收和积累能力(以富集系数表示)不同:对Cu的富集系数为571—1328;对Zn的富集系数为346—830。这表明黑藻对Cu的吸收能力大于Zn,而富集系数随外界浓度的增大而下降,则说明较低处理浓度更有利于黑藻对金属元素的吸收。逐步提取法分析表明黑藻体内Cu是2%醋酸提取态最多,而Zn是以1mol/L的NaCl溶液提取态占优势。各结合形态的含量多少依次为:Cu:FHAcFHClFNaClFWaterFEthanolFResidue;Zn:FNaClFHAcFHClFEthanolFResidueFWater。激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察结果显示Cu、Zn污染后黑藻叶片自发荧光范围变窄,峰值变小,平均强度减小。扫描电镜和透射电镜观察发现,黑藻叶细胞形态和结构发生了较明显的变化,主要表现为:细胞壁扭曲,细胞变形;细胞核核仁解体,染色质凝集,核膜断裂;叶绿体类囊体膨胀,被膜破裂;线粒体嵴数目减少,线粒体呈空泡状。结果表明,Cu、Zn在黑藻叶中富集得越多,造成的毒害越重,剂量效应非常明显。
    Abstract: In the present study, Hydrilla verticillata(Linn.f.) Royle,a submerged macrophyte widely distributed in China was used as experimental material. Cu and Zn,essential elements for the normal development and growth of plants were selected as the stressfactors. H. verticillata was cultivated in water containing elevated concentrationsof Cu and Zn (up to 10 mg/L) for 7d under lab condition. The bioaccumulation of Cu and Zn were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP) and their environmental toxicology in H. verticillata was studied. The results suggested that contents of Cu and Zn in H. verticillata were nearly in linear increase with rise of metal concentration in solution,and statistical analysis indicated that they all reached significant positive levels(RCu=0.9875,PZn=0.9990,PHAc> FHCl> FNaCl> FWater> FEthanol> FResidue; Zn:FNaCl> FHAc> FHCl> FEthanol> FResidue> FWater. Auto fluorescent range narrowed; both peak value and average intensity decreased in leaf of H. verticillata under Cu and Zn stress. Scanning and transmission electron microscope observation indicated that Cu and Zn imposed injury action on morphological structure and ultrastructure of leaf cells,such as distortion of cell wall and cell shape,disaggregation of nucleolus,agglutination and disappearance of chromatin of nucleus,disruption of nuclear membrane,swelling of thylakoids and breakage of chloroplast envelope,decreasing of cristae quantity and vacuolization of mitochondria. The conclusion was that there was a significant dose-effect between bioaccumulation and toxicity. Namely,the more the pollutant contents in H. verticillata,the severer the toxicity to the plant.
  • [1]

    Xu Q S ,Shi G X,Du K H, et al. Toxic effect of Cd2+ treatment on protective enzyme activity and ultrastructrue in leaf cells of Potamogeton crispus [J ] . Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2003, 27( 6 ):584 —589[徐勤松,施国新,杜开和,等. Cd2+ 处理对菹草叶片保护酶活性和细胞超微结构的毒害影响. 水生生物学报,2003,27(6): 584 —589]

    [2]

    Shi G X,Xu Q S,Xie K B, et al. Physiology and Ultrastructure of Azolla imbricata as affected by Hg2+ and Cd2+[J]. Acta BotanicaSinica,2003,45(4): 437-444

    [3]

    Gu W,Shi G X,Zhang C Y, et al. Toxic effects of Hg2+,Cd2+ and Cu2+ on photosynthetic systems and protective enzyme systems ofPotamogeton crispus[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology and MolecularBiology,2002,28(1): 69-74[谷巍,施国新,张超英,等. Hg2+、Cd2+、Cu2+ 污染对菹草光合系统及保护酶系统的毒害作用.植物生理与分子生物学学报,2002,28(1): 69-74]

    [4]

    Zhou C F,Wu G R,Shi G X, et al1The role of antioxidant systems in Cu2+ stress resistance in Alternanthera philoxeroides[J]. Acta BotSin,2001,43 (4): 389-394[周长芳,吴国荣,施国新,等. 水花生抗氧化系统在抵御Cu2+ 胁迫中的作用. 植物学报,2001,43(4):389-394]

    [5]

    Xu Q S,Shi GX,Zhou YM, et al. Distribution and toxicity of cadmium in Hydrilla Verticillata(L. F.) Royle[J]. Acta Biologiae Experi2mentalis Sinica, 2004,37(6): 461-468[徐勤松,施国新,周耀明,等. 镉在黑藻叶细胞中的亚显微定位分布及其毒害效应分析. 实验生物学报,2004,37(6): 461-468]

    [6]

    Keskinkan O,Goksu M ZL,Basibuyuk M, et al.Heavy metal adsorp2tion properties of a submerged aquatic plant( Ceratophyllum demer2sum)[J]. Bioresource Technology,2004,92: 197-200

    [7]

    Prasad MN V,Malec P,Waloszek A, et al.Physiological responses of Lemna trisulca L.(duckweed) to cadmium and copper bioaccumula2tion[J]. Plant Science,2001,161: 881-889

    [8]

    Rama D S,Prasad MN V. Copper toxicity in Ceratophyllum demersumL.(Coontail),a free floating macrophyte: Response of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants[J]. Plant Science,1998,138: 157-165

    [9]

    He M C. Bioavailability of heavy metals in aquatic environment andsediment quality assessment approaches[J]. Advances in Environmen2tal Science,1998,6(5): 9-19[何孟常. 水体沉积物重金属生物有效性及评价方法. 环境科学进展,1998,6(5): 9-19]

    [10]

    Xu Q S,Shi G X,Wang X, et al. Generation and active oxygen andchange of antioxidant enzyme activity in Hydrilla verticillata underCd,Cu and Zn tress[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2006,30(1):107-112[徐勤松,施国新,王学,等. 镉、铜和锌胁迫下黑藻活性氧的产生及抗氧化酶活性的变化研究. 水生生物学报,2006,30 (1): 107-112 ]

    [11]

    Paddok S W. Confocal Microscopy Methods and Protocols[M]. Totowa,New Jersey: Humana Press. 1999,103-130

    [12]

    Keskinkan O,Goksu M ZL,Yuceer A, et al. Heavy metal adsorptioncharacteristics of a submerged aquatic plant( Myriophyllum spicatum)[J]. Process Biochemistry,2003,39: 179-183

    [13]

    Liu Q,Wang ZJ,Tang H X. Research progress in heavy metal specia2tion and toxicity and bioavailability of heavy metals [J ] . Chinese Jour2nal of Environmental Science,1996,17(1): 89-92[刘清,王子健,汤鸿霄. 金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展.环境科学,1996,17(1): 89-92]

    [14]

    Xu J L,Bao Z P,Yang J R, et al1Chemical forms of Pb,Cd and Cu incrops[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1991,2(3): 244-248[许嘉琳,鲍子平,杨居荣,等. 农作物体内铅、镉、铜的化学形态研究. 应用生态学报,1991,2 (3): 244-248]

    [15]

    Pan R Z,Dong YD. Plant Physiology[M](3ird Edition). Beijing:Higher Educational Press. 1995, 31-35[潘瑞炽,董愚得. 植物生理学[M](第3 版). 北京:高等教育出版社. 1995,31-35]

    [16]

    Siekevitz P. Powerhouse of the cell[J]. Sci American,1957,197(1):131-140

    [17]

    Ogariti O,Boussama N, Zarrouk M, et al1Cadmium2and copper2in2duced changes in tomato membrane lipids[J]. Phytochemistry,1997,45(7): 1343-1350

    [18]

    Bergmann H,Machelett B,Lippmann B, et al1Influence of heavy metals on the accumulation of trimehtylglycine,putrescine and spermine infood plants[J]. Amino Acids,2001,20(3): 325-329

计量
  • 文章访问数:  925
  • HTML全文浏览量:  1
  • PDF下载量:  741
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2005-01-31
  • 修回日期:  2006-03-21
  • 发布日期:  2007-01-24

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回