鱼类杂交不亲和性的研究

STUDY ON THE INCOMPATIBILITY OF FISH HYBRIDIZATION

  • 摘要: 本文分析研究了鲮鱼属间杂交和亲本自交的胚胎发育时序和热量要求、胚后发育的形态特征、以及胚胎染色体组等方面的差异;并讨论了这些差异与各种杂交不亲和表现之间的相关性。明确地指出,决定鱼类杂交不亲和性的主要因素是亲本间核型的差异和核质间的矛盾程度。双亲的核型差异较大时,杂交胚胎往往在发育中途夭亡而成活率极低,甚至完全得不到仔鱼。核型相同或相似的亲本,其杂交子代的成活率一般甚高;但也可能与核型著异较大的组合一样,因核、质基因组表达的模式或调控机制等存在着差异,以及它们对外界环境条件的要求有矛盾,乃使胚后发育的速率与顺序失调而出现各种畸形胚;畸形的出现标志着一些特定细胞分化的专一性代谢作用停滞,而胚后幼体必然趋向死亡。

     

    Abstract: This paper deals with the time sequences and the heat energy requinement of em bryonic development, morphological characteristics of postembryonic development, and the genomic patterns of gastrulating embryonic cells of maternal fish, Cirrhinus molito rella (mud carp), heterogenic paternal fishes,Sinilabeo decorus tungting, Sinilabeo de corus decorus, and Barbodes denticulatus denticulatus, as well as their hybrids. The dif ference of above mentioned properties between the parental fishes and their hybrids are discussed in relation to the hybridizing incompatibilities. The genetic factors of hy bridizing incompatibility in fishes are clearly pointed out and their related problems are discussed as well.

     

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