摘要:
为深入了解湖泊环境生态系统的变化规律,为湖泊渔业和湖泊管理提供基础数据,于2007年夏季测定了武汉市梁子湖、斧头湖、柴泊湖、南湖和野芷湖5个养殖湖泊的浮游生物的数量和生物量。利用SPSS软件,对5个湖泊浮游植物6个门和浮游动物4个类的数量和生物量进行了主成分分析和因子分析。主成分分析和因子分析的结果是不相同的,其原因是两种方法的差异所致。两种方法结合使用,将有效地提高分析结果的准确度。分析结果表明,影响5个湖浮游生物的第1至第6个主成分分别为枝角类桡足类数量和重量因子、轮虫数量重量和绿藻门数量因子、隐藻门数量和重量因子、原生动物数量和重量因子、蓝藻门数量因子、硅藻门数量和绿藻门重量因子。使用SPSS软件,对5个湖泊13个点的浮游生物的数量和生物量予以了层次聚类法,并将5个湖泊的13个点分为5类,即梁子湖和斧头湖敞水区的3号和5号点为一类;梁子湖和斧头湖围拦养殖区的1号和4号点,以及梁子岛附近的2号点为一类;柴泊湖的6、7、8号3个点为一类;南湖原排污口附近的10号点为一类;南湖与野芷湖的其他9、11、12和13号4个点为一类。经分析认为,形成这个结果是由城市废水、生活污水和养殖生产所致。
Abstract:
In order to understand the change regularity of the lake ecosystem deeply and provide basic data for lake fishery and management,the author measured the plankton in five aquaculture lakes,Liangzi Lake,Futou Lake,Chaipo Lake,Nanhu Lake and Yezhi Lake respectively,in Wuhan in summer 2007.SPSS was used for principal component analysis and factor analysis of quantity and biomass of six phyla of phytoplankton and four species of zooplankton of five lakes.Two analysis results were different,which was attributed to the difference between two methods.The combination of the above methods would effectively improve the accuracy of analysis result.The result indicated that the first principal component of planktons of the 5 lakes was cladocera and copepod quantitative and gravimetric factors;the second was rotifer quantitative and gravimetric factors and chlorophyta quantitative factor;the third was cryptophyta quantitative and gravimetric factors;the fourth was protozoan quantitative and gravimetric factors;the fifth was cyanophyta quantitative factor;and the sixth was euglenophyta quantitative and chlorophyta gravimetric factors.In addition,SPSS was also used for hierarchical clustering of quantity and biomass of each phylum and species of plankton of the five lakes,and 13 points were divided into five categories,that is,Points 3 and 5 of open water zones of Liangzi Lake and Futou Lake belonged to one category;Points 1 and 4 of enclosed aquaculture zones of Liangzi Lake and Futou Lake and Point 2 near Liangzi Island belonged to one;Points 6,7 and 8 of Chaipo Lake belonged to one;Point 10 near the sewage drainage outlet of Nanhu Lake belonged to one;and Points 9,11,12 and 13 of Nanhu Lake and Yezhi Lake belonged to one.According to the analysis,the above results are caused by urban wastewater,domestic wastewater and aquaculture production.
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