盐碱池塘浮游植物初级生产力的研究
THE PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN SALINE-ALKALINE PONDS
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摘要: 根据黑白瓶测氧法测定,山东省高青县赵店渔场盐碱池塘鱼类生长期内(4-9月)浮游植物初级生产力为9.42±4.21gO2(m2·d),日P/B系数平均0.24±0.1,浮游植物对太阳有效辐射的利用率平均1.53%.无鱼对照池浮游植物初级生产力显著低于养鱼池.回归分析表明,浮游植物现存量、透明度、水温、盐度是决定盐碱池塘浮游植物初级生产力的主要生态因子.营养盐中磷比氮的限制作用大.文中探讨了养鱼池初级生产力在能量转化中的生态学效率.Abstract: The primary productivity of phytoplankton in saline-alkaline ponds in Zhaodian Fish Farm, Gaoqing county, Shandong Province, has been estimated by means of dark and light bottles method, during the season of fish growth during from April to September in 1997. The results showed that the primary productivity was 9 42? 21 gO2/(m2穌),daily P/B ratio was 0.24?.18, the available utilization rate of light energy was 1.53%, range from 0.20 to 3.15%. The primary productivity in control ponds without fish was significant fewer than that of fish-culture ponds. The primary production of phytoplankton occur two peak values, one occurs in spring, the other occurs in the late summer, the highest productive layer is the surface above 25cm. The analyses of correlation were suggested that phytoplankton biomass, transparency depth, water temperature, salinity are important ecological factors influenced the primary productivity of phytoplankton in saline-alkaline ponds in Gaoqing. As far as experimental ponds are concerned, limit effects of phosphorus to productivity was more important than that of nitrogen. The conversion efficiency of solar radiation to gross primary productivity ranged from 0.88% to 1.23%. The net primary productivity to yield of silver carp, bighead and tilapia varied from 6.6%-14.1%. The ecological conversion efficiency of solar radiation to fish yield was 0.028%-0.059%.
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Keywords:
- Primary production /
- Phytoplankton /
- Salinity /
- Nutrient
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Primary productivity and ecological efficiencies of energy conversion in high output fishponds with silver carp, bighead carp and tilapia as the major culture species [J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1993,13(3):272-279. [姚宏禄. 主养鲢鳙非鲫高产鱼塘的初级生产力与能量转化效率的研究. 生态学报,1993,13(3):272-279][6] БулъонВ.В &С.Сцеревосамбуравнениедвухметодовопределенияпервичнойпродукцииплаиктона.Гидробиол.Журн,1986,22(2):79-82[7] Mclusky D D. S. The Estuarine Ecosytem. 2th[M]. Edition. Blackie,1989[8] He Z H. The primary production and energy conversion efficiency of lake and reservoir in China [J]. Fisheries Science,1987,(1):24-30. [何志辉1987中国湖泊水库的初级生产力及其能量转化效率[J]. 水产科学,1987,(1):24-30][9] Zhang Y Z. Fish-culture of Ponds in China [M]. Beijing:Science Press. 1989, 40-88. [张扬宗. 中国池塘养鱼学. 北京:科学出版社,1989,40-88][10] Yao H L, Wu W N, Gu Y L et al. The primary productivity and energy conversion efficiencies for silver carp and bighead carp in high-output fish ponds with the black carp as the major species for culture [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica sinic,1990,14(2):114-128. [姚宏禄,吴乃薇,顾月兰等. 主养青鱼高产池塘的初级生产力及其能量转化为鲢鳙产量的效率. 水生生物学报,1990,14(2):114-128][11] He Z H. Analysis on fishponds ecosystem of Zhenglai fish farm in Jilin [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China,1993,17(1):24-35. [何志辉. 吉林镇赉养鱼场鱼池生态系的分析. 水产学报,1993,17(1):24-35][12] Yan X W, Z H He. A study of primary productivity of phytoplankton in shrimp ponds [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China,1997,21(3):288-295. [阎喜武,何志辉. 虾池浮游植物初级生产力的研究[J]. 水产学报,1997,21(3):288-295][13] Lei Y Z, Yu S M, Xu J. Studies on the water quality of the high-yield fishponds in He Lie Commune, Wuxi. Part 1. Chemistry of fishpond water and primary productivity [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 1983,7(3):185-199. [雷衍之,余淑敏,徐捷1983无锡市河埒口高产鱼池水质研究Ⅰ. 水化学和初级生产力[J]. 水产学报,1983,7(3):185-199][14] Hammer U T. Primary production in saline lakes:A review [J]. Hydrobiologia,1981,81:47-57[15] Heyman U, A Lundgren. Phytoplankton biomass and production in relation to phosphorus [J]. 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