大豆低聚糖对牙鲆营养效应的研究:Ⅰ摄食、生长和代谢酶活性
EFFECTS OF SOYBEAN OL IGOSACCHARI DES ON NUTRITI ONAL CHARACTERS OF JAPANESE FLOUNDER(PARAL ICHTHYS OL IVACEUS):Ⅰ. FEED ING RATE, GROW TH AND M ETABOL IZE ENZYM E ACTIVITIES
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摘要: 本试验比较研究了不同蛋白源(鱼粉,FM;大豆分离蛋白,SPI)基础饲料中添加大豆低聚糖(SBOS)对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)摄食率、生长性能和代谢酶活性的影响.分别以FM、SPI作为主要蛋白源,配制了4种等氮等能饲料.其中,饲料FM、SPI分别以FM、SPI作为主要蛋白源;饲料FMO、SPIO分别在饲料FM、SPI基础上添加10%SBOS(水苏糖:2161%;棉籽糖:0161%).试验表明:①饲料中添加SBOS对牙鲆前两周摄食率无显著影响(p>0105);而显著降低了整个养殖周期FMO组牙鲆总摄食率,提高了SPIO组牙鲆总摄食率(pp>0105),但均呈明显下降趋势;SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS对FER和PER无显著影响,却显著提高了SGR(ppp>0105);SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS显著提高了血浆ALT和LDH活性,而对AST、AKP和γ2GT活性无显著影响;同时,SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS显著提高了肝脏AST和ALT活性,而对AKP、LDH和γ2GT活性无显著影响;④饲料中添加SBOS对牙鲆血浆中尿素氮和游离氨基酸浓度均无显著影响.试验结果表明,不同蛋白源基础饲料中添加SBOS表现出不同的生长效应;其中,FM基础饲料中添加SBOS表现出一定的抑制生长效应,而SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS却表现出促生长效应.Abstract: A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) on feeding rate, growth and metabolize enzyme activities of juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 1Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric practical diets (crude protein 49%, gross energy 19 kJ/g) including only fish meal (FM) or soy protein isolate (SPI) as a sole protein source with (Diets FMO and SPI O) orwithout (Diets FM and SPI) supplemented SBOS (stachy-ose, 2.61%; raffinose, 0.61%) were formulated1Each diet was randomly designed to triplicate aquaria stocked with 30 fish (initial body weight 1.93 ± 0.02g) each1Fish were maintained in a flow-through system with water temperature ran-ging from 22.0℃ to 25.0℃ and fed twice (08:00 and 16:00) daily to apparent satiation for 8 weeks1Dietary SBOS sup-plementation did not significantly affect the feeding rate in the first two-week (p >0.05), but significantly decreased the gross feeding rate of fish fed FM-based diets, increased the gross feeding rate of fish fed SPI-based diets (p p >0.05) 1However, dietary SBOS supplementation generally increased the SGR, FER and PER of fish fed SPI-based diets, and the difference in SGR was sig-nificant (p p p >0.05) 1SBOS supplementation significantly increased the activities ofALT and LDH in plasma (p p >0.05) 1At the same time, supplemental SBOS significantly increased the activities ofAST and ALT in liver (p p >0.05) 1The urinary nitrogen and free amino acid con-centration in plasma of fish were not affected by supplemental SBOS regardless of dietary protein source (p >0.05). These results indicate that there are different effects of SBOS on growth performance of Japanese flounder fed different protein source based diets; dietary SBOS supplementation generally depresses the growth of Japanese flounder fed FM-based diets, but increases that of fish fed SPI-based diets.
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