青岛棘洪滩水库浮游藻类状况及水质评价
STUDY ON THE PHYTOPLANKTON AND WATER QUALITY OF JIHONGTAN RESERVOIR IN QINGDAO
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摘要: 2003年5月至2004年5月对棘洪滩水库藻类的群落结构进行了研究。共发现藻类49属63种。水库进水口、水库中心、出水口藻类的种类组成没有明显差异,群落季节变化明显,冬春季以硅藻、隐藻为主,其优势种分别为小环藻和尖尾蓝隐藻。金藻有短时大规模出现,主要是分歧锥囊藻。夏秋季以蓝藻、绿藻为主。藻类周年变动模式为单峰型,藻类细胞密度最低值出现在1月份出水口,为0.05×106ind./L,主要是硅藻类的小环藻和隐藻,占总数的92.8%;最高值出现在10月份进水口,为196.7×106ind/L,主要是丝状蓝藻包括伪鱼腥藻、颤藻等占总数的81.2%。藻类生物量在0.34-7.77mg/L内变动,最低值出现在1月份出水口,此时硅藻门的小环藻占69.6%;最高值出现在8月份进水口,其中丝状蓝藻占71.44%;年均值进水口为1.82mg/L,出水口为1.09mg/L。Shannon-Weaver多样性指数变化范围为0.93-3.30,最低值和最高值分别出现在2004年1月进水口和2003年11月水库中心。年均值进水口为1.88,出水口为2.15。水质总体状况较好,处于中营养,但有向富营养转变的趋势,应注意加强对水源及水库的管理和保护。Abstract: The investigation on phytoplankton of abundance,dominant species was carried out from May 2003 to May 2004 in Ji2hongtan Reservoir,Shandong Province1Jihongtan Reservoir is the largest plain reservoir in China. We sampled phytoplankton ininlet and outlet of the reservoir every month1The samples were identified and counted with microscope1The results showed thatthere were 63 species in total,representing 49 genera1And there was no significant difference among the inlet, outlet and centreof Jihongtan Reservoir with phytoplankton composition1When biomass was concerned,inlet > centre > outlet,which means thereservoir’s ability to self purify was working1The phytoplankton composition changed significantly during the year1The phyto2plankton was dominated by diatoms and cryptophytes in winter and spring,the species respectively were Cylotella sp1andChroomonas acuta, but in summer and autumn were cyanobacterias and green alga1The standing corp of phytoplankton peakedonly in autumn1The average phytoplankton fresh biomass was 1182 mg/L(inlet) and 1109 mg/L(outlet),ranged from 0134 to7177 mg/L1The lowest value was appeared in outlet inJanuary1Cyclotella sp1was 6916 %to total phytoplankton biomass,and thehighest value appeared in inlet in August,filamentous cyanobacteria was 71144 % of the total phytoplankton biomass1In summerwe found some Microcystis sp1colony on the surface of the reservoir,even in winter some of them were still there. The averagevalue of Shannon2Weaver diversity indexof phytoplankton community was 1188, rangedfrom0193～3130,the lowest and highestvalue appeared in inlet in January 2004 and centre of reservoir in November 2003,respectively1The diversity index of inlet wasaffected lightly by indraught, but the outlet was relatively stable1In general, the diversity indexesof outlet were higher than inlet,but not significantly1In conclusion water quality was well, belong to mesotrophic,but had the potential to turn to eutrophica2tion1So we should pay attention to protect the water source and enhance the management of the reservoir1For example we can in2draught water when water quality was well and raise some herbivore fish in order to control the growth of phytoplankton1
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Keywords:
- Jihongtan Reservoir /
- Phytoplankton /
- Community compositon /
- Diversity index
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