Abstract: The phosphorus in water and sediment collected at different time from the Xiangxi River were analyzed. The resultsindicated that the phosphorus pollution have significant relations to human activities(especially the phosphorus industry). The concentrations of total-phosphorus(TP), total dissolvedphosphorus(TDP)anddissolved phosphorus(DP)in Dec. 2004 were higher than those in Jul. 2005;the TP contents of sites 15 and 16were much higher than others', the TP content of the largest site 16 was 1946. 29mg/ kg in Dec. 2004 and 1756. 11mg/ kg in Jul. 2005, respectively, whichwasmuch higher than the average(1497. 51 mg/ kg and 1369. 38mg/ kg, respectively). The TP content in the sediment of the Xiangxi River wasfrom1179. 53mg/ kg to 1851. 20mg/ kg. The TP contents of most sites except site 18, 19 and 20 were higher in Dec. 2004 than those in Jul. 2005. The aluminium-phosphorus(Al -P)content in the sedimentwas obviously higher in Jul. 2005 thanthat in Dec. 2004, which indicated that the stability of Al-P has a significant relation to the change of season.