水生生物对微囊藻毒素去毒分子机理及调控因子研究
ADVANCE IN STUDIES ON MOLECULAR MECHANISMAND REGULATORY FACTORS OF MICROCYSTIN DETOXICATION IN AQUATIC ORGANISM
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摘要: 近年来,随着工农业的不断发展,排入水体的各种污染物不断增加,加速了淡水水域的富营养化进程,使得浮游藻类大量繁殖,有害藻类水华频繁发生,世界各地不断有藻类污染水体引起人畜患病甚至死亡的事件报道。在淡水藻类中,毒性最强、污染范围最广的为蓝藻门,目前确定的有毒藻种包括铜绿微囊藻(Microcystisaeruginosa)、水华鱼腥藻(An-abaenaflos-aguae)、水华束丝藻(Aphanizomenon flos-aquae)、阿氏颤藻(Oscillatoria agardii)、红色颤藻(Oscillato riarubescens)、泡沫节球藻(Nodularia spumigena)等。这些藻类所产生的毒素根据其致毒作用不同可分为三类:多肽肝毒素、生物碱类神经毒素及脂多糖内毒素[1],其中肝毒素的出现最为广泛且具有强促癌作用。肝毒素主要由铜绿微囊藻、水华鱼腥藻产生的微囊藻毒素(Microcystin,MC)和泡沫节球藻产生的节球藻毒素(Nodularin,NODLN)组成。淡水系统中,微囊藻毒素是肝毒素中危害最为严重的一类。有资料表明,饮用水中来自淡水系统的微囊藻毒素污染,很可能是除肝炎病毒和黄曲霉毒素以外导致肝癌的第三个重要原因[2]。自然水体中的微囊藻毒素已越来越多地影响到人类的饮用水安全。针对这一问题,目前采用的多是通过物理化学方法进行处理,虽然可以达到较好的效果,但其缺陷是成本太高。因此,研究水生生物对微囊藻毒素的去毒分子机理及相关调控因子,用生态学方法解决微囊藻毒素对自然水体的污染问题意义重大。
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Keywords:
- Microcystin /
- Detoxication /
- Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) /
- Conjugation /
- Regulatory Factors
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