从原生动物变化看武汉东湖富营养化的发展

THE DEVELOPMENT OF EUTROPHICATION IN LAKE DONGHU, WUHAN, DURING THE LAST TWO DECADES BASED ON THE INVESTIGATION OF PROTOZOAN CHANGES

  • 摘要: 作者于1981年3月至1982年4月对武汉东湖Ⅱ站的原生动物进行了定量采集,采集结果与1962年该站的原生动物的种群数量变动作了比较。二十年内Ⅱ站的原生动物年平均量增加了2.3倍,平均每年增长294个/升。原生动物的数量增长与湖水中饵料生物(如藻类、细菌)和营养物质(如氮、磷)数量的增加是密切相关的。年数量变动的春季高峰期比过去提早出现,秋季高峰期则比过去延续的时间长,高峰期的原生动物的数量都比过去高。种类组成、特别是优势种发生了演替。通过对Ⅱ站原生动物多样性指数的改变、种量季节变动特征的分析,作者认为东湖的中心区在加速富营养化的进程,并且正向受到有机质严重污染的水果湖区(Ⅰ(Ⅳ))站过渡。

     

    Abstract: Quantitative protozoan samples were taken monthly by the author at station Ⅱ in Lake Donghu, Wuhan, from March 1981 to April 1982. Results including species composition, seasonal variations and diversity index were compared with those from the same station of this Lake in 1962. The average density of the Protozoa increased annually by 294 individuals per liter. Thus, the protozoan density has increased ca. 2.3 times at station Ⅱ since 1962, and such increase was found to have a close correlation with the increase of algae and bacteria. With reference to the pattern of seasonal fluctuation of the Protozoa, two annual peaks, one in spiring and the other in autumn, as that in 1962 were still observed. However, in 1982, the spring peak occurred earlier and the autumn one lasted longer. Moreover, peaks were much higher than previous decades and the species composition and the dominant species were entirely changed.From the above-mentioned changes and the analysis of diversity indices, the author is of the opinion that the eutrophication of Lake Donghu is still developing around station Ⅱ and showing an expanding tendency toward the area of open water.

     

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