稀有鮈鲫眼的形态发生研究
EYE MORPHOGENESIS IN THE GOBIOCYPRIS RARUS
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摘要: 详细观察和描述了稀有鮈鲫眼发育的形态变化,并分别对视网膜发育早期神经层、色素上皮层的厚度及眼发育后期视网膜的总厚度进行了测量。结果表明:稀有鲫眼的发生始于神经胚时期形成的眼原基,与两栖、哺乳类动物不同,其眼原基是由间脑向左右伸出的对称外突实体;在尾芽期眼原基向腹侧弯曲、侧向伸长,随后开始内陷,在尾泡期形成视杯。眼原基外层与外胚层紧贴的部分将发育为视杯的内层、神经视网膜,而眼原基其余部分将分化为视杯的外层、视网膜色素层。在尾泡期之后,视网膜色素层停止有丝分裂开始形成色素颗粒,此时视网膜神经层开始分化。视网膜这两层结构在发育早期分化的有序进行可能与早期胚胎头部内空间以及附近的间充质细胞有关。从神经胚期到尾泡期,视网膜色素层厚度由42.3±0.8μm减小到4.8±0.4μm,视网膜神经层厚度从37.1±0.2μm增加到43.7±0.6μm,而从尾鳍期到孵出期视网膜总厚度从42.7±1.2μm逐渐增加到98.3±2.1μm。与所有脊椎动物一样,稀有鲫眼的视网膜分化也是按照由内向外的顺序进行,晶状体、角膜及其他结构在孵出时已基本发育完全。Abstract: Gobiocypris rarus was a new genus of danioninae from China. It had some good characteristic such as strong vitality,short mature period and breeding every yearwhen raised in the Lab. So recently it was reguarded as an ideal experimentalmaterial. Eye morphogenesis in the Gobiocypris rarus was observed and described in detail. Retina, lens and cornea development wereour emphases. Meanwhile, thethickness of the pigment epithelium layer and the neural retina from Neurula period to Tail vesicleperiod and the total thickness of the retina from Caudal fin period to Hatching period of Gobiocypris rarus were measured.The results indicated that the eye morphogenesis in the Gobiocypris rarus begins with the formation of optic primordia. Un -like amphibians and mammals, the optic primordia are the evaginations from the forebrain as solid masses of cells.They werecommunicate with the neural keel and the elliptic cells within the primordium are radially arranged. In this period mesenchymecells are also observed ventral to the optic primordium. The optic primordia bend ventrally and elongate laterally and take on adistinctive wing -like shape in tail bud period. They had contacted with the ectoderm closely already. In tail vesicle period, theoptic cup is well formed. The out layer of theoptic primordia clings to the ectodermwill give rise to the neural retina whereas theother part of theopticprimordiawill give riseto the pigment epithelium. The neural retina will not differentiate until mitosis with -in the pigment epithelium layer stopped and pigment was synthesized after the Tail vesicle period. The orderly differentiation ofthe two layer of retina is probably related to thespace in embryo and the mesenchyme nearby. FromNeurula period to Tail vesicleperiod, the thickness of the pigment epithelium layer reduced evidently from 42.3±0.8μm to 4.8±0.4μm while the thicknessof neural retina increased indistinctively from 37.1±0.2μm to 43.7±0.6μm. From Caudal fin period to Hatching period, thetotal thickness of the retina increased gradually from 42.7±1.2μm to 98.3±2.1μm.Retinal differentiation in the Gobiocypris rarus generally follows the direction inner-to-outer sequence characteristic of allvertebrate species. It commenceswith the differentiation of the inner layer of the bottom of the optic cup and then to the peripheryand the outer layer.Lens, cornea and other adnexa are basically formed before hatching.
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Keywords:
- Gobiocypris rarus /
- Eye /
- Morphogenesis /
- Lens /
- Retina /
- Cornea
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