Abstract: There are more than 2400 rivers with a total length of 18400km in Jiangxi, a province south to the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Sixty one species of aquatic plants belonging to 36 genera of 27 families are identified in the rivers in this province. Vegetation in the rivers Jiangxi can be classified into 14 major types of communities. The submersed plants, including Vallisneria spiralis, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton malaianus, Muriophyllum spicatum+Potamogeton crispus, Potamogeton maackianus, Ceratophyllum demersum ect., are adapted to living in flowing, deep waters and have wide distributions. The emergent, floating-leaved and freely-floaing plants are secttered near the river-sides because of their relative poor adaptations to flowing, deep waters.