饲料中Vc水平对中华鳖幼鳖生长及其组织中含量的影响
EFFECT OF DIETARY Vc SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH AND TISSUE Vc CONTENT IN JUVENILE SOFT-SHELL TURTLE TRIONYX SINENSIS
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摘要: 以中华鳖幼鳖为研究对象,以高稳定性维生素C磷酸酯为Vc源,研究饲料添加Vc对中华鳖生长及其Vc在组织中含量的影响.试验分别投喂基础配方相同而分别添加Vc 0、50、100、200、400、800mg/kg的饲料,在水温31±2℃条件下养殖于结构相同、面积分别为10.5m2的18口水泥池中,进行为期105d的养殖试验.结果表明:(1)饲料添加Vc可提高中华鳖幼鳖增重率,其中添加200mg/kg组效果最佳,与未添加组间差异显著(P0.05);未添加的对照组和低剂量组未见有Vc缺乏症产生.(2)基于试验幼鳖增重率折线法分析,中华鳖幼鳖获得最佳生长时的饲料Vc最低需求量为184mg/kg;(3)肝脏中Vc含量随着饲料Vc添加水平上升而增加,相关系数达0. 9542,各添加组与未添加组间有显著差异(P0.05).Abstract: A 105 day growth trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary vitamin C supplementation on growth,body composition,tissue Vc concentration in juvenile soft shell turtle Trionyx sinensis. White fish meal basal diet was formulated and Vc were added at the levels of 0,50,100,200,400,800mg L ascorbic acid per kg diets on ascorbic acid equivalent basis in the form of phosphorylated L ascorbic acid. The experiment was conducted in triplicates at 31±2℃ and the turtles were cultured in 18 same construction concrete tanks with area 10.5m2 per each.The results showed that: 1) The supplementary dietary Vc could improve percentage of body weight increase,and there is a significant difference between the treatment with adding Vc 200mg/kg and the control( P 0.05).In addition,there was no any deficiency symptom observed in experimental turtles fed diet without or with low dietary Vc supplementation. 2) Based on broken line analysis,the minimum dietary Vc supplementation for maximum growth of juvenile soft shell turtle is 184mg/kg. 3) The Vc concentration in liver linearly increased with dietary Vc supplementation (R2=0.9542). There is a significant difference on Vc concentration in liver between the control and the treatments( P 0.05)in turtle whole body composition.
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[1] Wang D Z, Tang Z R, Tan Y J.Biochemical compositions of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1997,21(4):299-305.[王道尊,汤峥嵘,谭玉钧.中华鳖生化组成的分析(Ⅰ).水生生物学报,1997,21(4):299-305][2] Bao J S,Liu C,Gao X L,et al.The daily requirements of nutrients and optimum calorie-protein ratio in the diet for juvenile turtle(Trionyx sinensis) [J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1992,16(4):365-371.[包吉墅等.稚鳖的营养素需要量及饲料最适能量蛋白比.水产学报,1992,16(4):365-371][3] Ren Z L.A review on nutrient requirement and complementary feed for soft-shell turtle (Trionyx sinensis) [J].China Feed,1995,13:16-18.[任泽林.甲鱼营养需要及配合饲料研究进展.中国饲料, 1995,13:16-18][4] Committee on Animal Nutrition.Nutrient requirements of fish [M].Washington, National Academy Press.1993,31-32[5] Xu Z R.Vitamin nutrition in animals [M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,1998,165-166.[许梓荣主编.动物维生素营养.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1998,165-166][6] Dabrowski K,Matusiewica M, Blom J H.Hydrolysis,absorption and bioavailability of ascorbic acid esters in fish[J].Aquaculture,1994,124:169-192[7] Soliman A K,Jauncey K,Roberts R J.Water-soluble vitamin requirements of tilapia: ascorbic acid requirement of Nile Tilapia [J].Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 1994,25:269-278[8] Amoudi M M,Nakkadi A M N,Nourman B M.Evaluatlion of optimum dietary requirement of vitamin C for their growth of Oreochromis Spilurus fingerlings in water from the Red Sea[J].Aquaculture,1992,105(2):165-173[9] Naggar E,Lovell R T.L-ascorbyl-monophosphate has equal antisocorbutic activity as L-ascorbic acid but L-ascorbyl-2-sulfate is inferior to L-ascorbic acid for channel catfish[J].Journal of Nutrition,1990,121(10):1622-1632[10] Shi W L.Nutrition and feed for soft-shell turtle(Trionyx sinensis)[J].Scientific Fish Farming, 1998,4:39-41.[石文雷.中华鳖的营养与饲料.科学养鱼,1998,4:39-41][11] Wang X J,Kim K W,Bai S C,et al.Effects of the different levels of dietary vitamin C on growth and tissue ascorbic acid changes in parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus)[J].Aquaculture,2003,215:203-211[12] Wen H,Liao C X.Grass carp growth by using polyphosphorylated L-ascorbic acid as dietary Vc sources[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1996,26 (3):11-13.[文华、廖朝兴.Vc聚磷酯作为草鱼Vc来源的饲养效果.淡水渔业,1996,26 (3):11-13][13] Chen H Y, Jenn J S.Combined effects of dietary phosphatidycholine and cholesterol on the growth,survival and body lipid composition of marine shrimp,Panaeus penicillatu [J].Aquaculture.1991,96:167-178[14] Boonyratpalin M,Unprasert N,Buranapanidgit J.Optimal supplementary vitamin C level in seabass fingerling diet[C].Proc.Third Intl.Symp.On Feeding and Nutri, in Fish.Toba.1989.149-157[15] Lall S P,Oliver G, Weerakoon E M,et al, The effect of vitamin C deficiency and excess on immune response in Atlantic salmon[C].Proc.Third Intl.Symp.on Feeding and Nutri.in Fish.Toba.427-441[16] Shiau S Y, Hsu T S.Tissue storage of ascorbic acid in Tilapia fed L-ascorbic acid,L-ascorbyl-2-sulfate or L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate[J].Fisheries Science,1995,61(6):1043-1044[17] Moreau R,Dabrowski K.Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid by extant actinopterygians [J].Journal of Fish Biology, 2000,57:733-745 Wang D Z, Tang Z R, Tan Y J.Biochemical compositions of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1997,21(4):299-305.[王道尊,汤峥嵘,谭玉钧.中华鳖生化组成的分析(Ⅰ).水生生物学报,1997,21(4):299-305][2] Bao J S,Liu C,Gao X L,et al.The daily requirements of nutrients and optimum calorie-protein ratio in the diet for juvenile turtle(Trionyx sinensis) [J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1992,16(4):365-371.[包吉墅等.稚鳖的营养素需要量及饲料最适能量蛋白比.水产学报,1992,16(4):365-371][3] Ren Z L.A review on nutrient requirement and complementary feed for soft-shell turtle (Trionyx sinensis) [J].China Feed,1995,13:16-18.[任泽林.甲鱼营养需要及配合饲料研究进展.中国饲料, 1995,13:16-18][4] Committee on Animal Nutrition.Nutrient requirements of fish [M].Washington, National Academy Press.1993,31-32[5] Xu Z R.Vitamin nutrition in animals [M].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press,1998,165-166.[许梓荣主编.动物维生素营养.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1998,165-166][6] Dabrowski K,Matusiewica M, Blom J H.Hydrolysis,absorption and bioavailability of ascorbic acid esters in fish[J].Aquaculture,1994,124:169-192[7] Soliman A K,Jauncey K,Roberts R J.Water-soluble vitamin requirements of tilapia: ascorbic acid requirement of Nile Tilapia [J].Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 1994,25:269-278[8] Amoudi M M,Nakkadi A M N,Nourman B M.Evaluatlion of optimum dietary requirement of vitamin C for their growth of Oreochromis Spilurus fingerlings in water from the Red Sea[J].Aquaculture,1992,105(2):165-173[9] Naggar E,Lovell R T.L-ascorbyl-monophosphate has equal antisocorbutic activity as L-ascorbic acid but L-ascorbyl-2-sulfate is inferior to L-ascorbic acid for channel catfish[J].Journal of Nutrition,1990,121(10):1622-1632[10] Shi W L.Nutrition and feed for soft-shell turtle(Trionyx sinensis)[J].Scientific Fish Farming, 1998,4:39-41.[石文雷.中华鳖的营养与饲料.科学养鱼,1998,4:39-41][11] Wang X J,Kim K W,Bai S C,et al.Effects of the different levels of dietary vitamin C on growth and tissue ascorbic acid changes in parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus)[J].Aquaculture,2003,215:203-211[12] Wen H,Liao C X.Grass carp growth by using polyphosphorylated L-ascorbic acid as dietary Vc sources[J].Freshwater Fisheries,1996,26 (3):11-13.[文华、廖朝兴.Vc聚磷酯作为草鱼Vc来源的饲养效果.淡水渔业,1996,26 (3):11-13][13] Chen H Y, Jenn J S.Combined effects of dietary phosphatidycholine and cholesterol on the growth,survival and body lipid composition of marine shrimp,Panaeus penicillatu [J].Aquaculture.1991,96:167-178[14] Boonyratpalin M,Unprasert N,Buranapanidgit J.Optimal supplementary vitamin C level in seabass fingerling diet[C].Proc.Third Intl.Symp.On Feeding and Nutri, in Fish.Toba.1989.149-157[15] Lall S P,Oliver G, Weerakoon E M,et al, The effect of vitamin C deficiency and excess on immune response in Atlantic salmon[C].Proc.Third Intl.Symp.on Feeding and Nutri.in Fish.Toba.427-441[16] Shiau S Y, Hsu T S.Tissue storage of ascorbic acid in Tilapia fed L-ascorbic acid,L-ascorbyl-2-sulfate or L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate[J].Fisheries Science,1995,61(6):1043-1044[17] Moreau R,Dabrowski K.Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid by extant actinopterygians [J].Journal of Fish Biology, 2000,57:733-745
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