三峡库区消落带土壤水分变化条件下池杉幼苗光合生理响应的模拟研究
SIMULATIVE STUDY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHYSIO -RESPONSE OF TAXODIU M ASCENDENS SEEDLINGS TO SOIL WATER CHANGE IN THE HYDRO -FLUCTUATION BELT OF THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA
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摘要: 三峡水库为了长期保持绝大部分有效库容, 采取/ 冬蓄夏排0的水库运行方式。在每年汛期(6-9 月), 将库区水位降至 145m; 而在汛期后, 将库区水位升至 175m。这种水库调度方式, 使得水位落差达 30m, 由此形成的消落带长度在2000km 以上, 面积达 298km2[ 1]。三峡库区因水位周期性常年变化, 使得消落带土壤含水量呈现出一年中从干旱状态到全水淹状态的一系列梯度性变化, 由此引起对消落带植被体系的建设和保护难度加大。消落带土壤含水量的这种梯度性变化 势必 影响 到适 生造 林 树种 池杉 ( Taxodium ascendensBrongn.) 的生长发育及其生理生态学特性, 尤其是该树种的光合特性。国内外对池杉树种已经开展了一些研究, 主要集中在生物学特性[2]、 生长量和产量[ 3]、 造林密度[ 4]、 木材物理学性质[5]等方面, 但缺乏从生理生态学角度对池杉树种更深层次生命机理的认识。对于不同土壤水分条件特别是三峡库区消落带土壤水分变化条件下池杉树种的光合生理生态学特性却鲜有报道。
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