鲢和草鱼鳃部寄生单殖吸虫的种群分布和季节动态
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND SEASONAL ALTERNATION OF TWO SPECIES OF MONOGENEANS ON THE GILLS OF HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX AND CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS
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摘要: 作者在1995-1996年期间,对同一口池塘中的鲢和草鱼寄生鲢指环虫(Dactylogyrus hypophthalmichthys)和鳃片指环虫(D.lamellatus)进行了种群分布和季节动态研究.两种单殖吸虫种群丰盛度的季节变化与其感染率的变化基本相似:鲢指环虫2-3月种群的丰盛度逐渐增加,月达到高峰,随后逐渐下降,在秋冬季维持在一个较低的水平上;鳃片指环虫在11至来年3月种群的丰盛度逐渐上升,月达到高峰,随后迅速下降,在夏秋季维持在一个较低的水平.Abstract: The population distribution and seasonal alternation of Dactylogyrus hypophthalmichthys on gills of silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and D.lamellatus on grass carp Ctemopharyngodon idellus were studied.Two species of fish were collected in a fish pond in the Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan,China from December 1995 to November 1996.The population dynamics of abundance and prevalence were similar for the two species of monogeneans.The prevalence was higher than 70% for D.hypophthalmichthys and higher than 60% for D.lamellatus, and no significant difference(P<0.05)was found between months for the two species of monogeneans.The abundance of D.hypophthalmichthys increased gradually from February to March,and reached the highest level in April,then declined gradually and remained at a low level in autumn and winter;while D.lamellatus increased from November to March,and reached the highest value in April,then decreased rapidly and maintained a low level in summer and autumn.Statistical analysis indicated that changes in abundance of D.hypophthalmichthys and D.lamellatus were both significantly seasonal (P<0.05).The pattern of distribution of D.hypophthalmichthys was over-dispersed,as the variance to mean ratio was more than 1 and the degree of aggregation was high in spring and autumn.The pattern of D.lamellatus was also over-dispersed,with its the degree of aggregation being high in spring and winter.
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[1] Koskivaara M,Valtoen E T,Vuori K M.Microhabitat distribution and coexistence of Dactylogyrus species(Monogenea)on the gills of roach[J].Parasitology,1992,104:273-281[2] Buchmann K.Spatial distribution of Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P.bini(Momogenea)on the gills of the european eel,Anguilla anguilla[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1988,32:801-802[3] Dzika E,Szymanski S.Co-occurrence and distribution of Monogenea of the genus Dactylogyrus on gills of the bream Abramis brama L[J].Acta Parasitologica Polonica,1989,34(1):1-14[4] Ramasamy P,Ramalingam K,Hanna R.et al.Microhabitats of gill parasites(Monogenea and Copepoda)of teleosts(Scomberoides spp.)[J].Intenational Journal for Parasitology,1985,15(4):385-397[5] Nie P.Co-occurrence and microhabitat of Ancyrocephalus mogurndae(Momogenea)and Henneguya weishanensis(Myxosporea)on gills of the mandarion fish,Siniperca chuatsi[J].Folia Parasitologica,1996,43:272-276[6] Yao W J,Liu J X,Xiao W H,et al.,The Infection State and Seasonal Dynamics of Pathogens in Gress Carp and Silver in Honghu Lake[C].Hydrobiology and Resources Exploitation in Honghu Lake.Beijing:Science press.1995,335-344[姚卫建、刘建雄、肖武汉,等.洪湖草鱼和鲢鱼寄生虫病病原感染状况及季节动态的研究.洪湖水生生物及其资源开发.北京:科学出版社.1995,335-344][7] Yao W J,Populations of Monogeneans on gills of Culterichthys erythropterus[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2001,25(4):392-398[姚卫建.红鳍原鱼白鳃部寄生单殖吸虫的种群研究.水生生物学报,2001,25(4):392-398][8] Yan P H.Ecologlcal studies on Monogenans parasitizing the gill of Acanthopagrus latus.[C].Proceedings of Symposium in memory of the 10 years foundation of the Chinese Parasitological Society,Chinese Zoological Society.Beijing:Science press.1995,98-102[颜培辉.池养黄鳍鲷单殖吸虫生态研究I种群数量的季节性变动与环境因素的关系.中国动物学会寄生虫专业学会成立十周年纪念论文集.北京:科学技术出版社.1995,98-102][9] Zhang J Y,Qiu Z Z,Ding X J,et al.,Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Fishes.[M].Beijing:Science press.1999[张剑英,邱兆祉,丁雪娟,等.鱼类寄生虫与寄生虫病.北京:科学出版社.1999][10] Xia X Q,Wang W J,Yao W J,Dactylogyrus in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix:seasonal dynamics and frequency distribution of Dactylogyrus vsginulatus Zhang et Niu,1966(Monogenea)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1999,23(3):235-239[夏晓勤、王伟俊、姚卫建.小鞘指环虫种群的季节动态.水生生物学报,1999,23(3):235-239] Koskivaara M,Valtoen E T,Vuori K M.Microhabitat distribution and coexistence of Dactylogyrus species(Monogenea)on the gills of roach[J].Parasitology,1992,104:273-281[2] Buchmann K.Spatial distribution of Pseudodactylogyrus anguillae and P.bini(Momogenea)on the gills of the european eel,Anguilla anguilla[J].Journal of Fish Biology,1988,32:801-802[3] Dzika E,Szymanski S.Co-occurrence and distribution of Monogenea of the genus Dactylogyrus on gills of the bream Abramis brama L[J].Acta Parasitologica Polonica,1989,34(1):1-14[4] Ramasamy P,Ramalingam K,Hanna R.et al.Microhabitats of gill parasites(Monogenea and Copepoda)of teleosts(Scomberoides spp.)[J].Intenational Journal for Parasitology,1985,15(4):385-397[5] Nie P.Co-occurrence and microhabitat of Ancyrocephalus mogurndae(Momogenea)and Henneguya weishanensis(Myxosporea)on gills of the mandarion fish,Siniperca chuatsi[J].Folia Parasitologica,1996,43:272-276[6] Yao W J,Liu J X,Xiao W H,et al.,The Infection State and Seasonal Dynamics of Pathogens in Gress Carp and Silver in Honghu Lake[C].Hydrobiology and Resources Exploitation in Honghu Lake.Beijing:Science press.1995,335-344[姚卫建、刘建雄、肖武汉,等.洪湖草鱼和鲢鱼寄生虫病病原感染状况及季节动态的研究.洪湖水生生物及其资源开发.北京:科学出版社.1995,335-344][7] Yao W J,Populations of Monogeneans on gills of Culterichthys erythropterus[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2001,25(4):392-398[姚卫建.红鳍原鱼白鳃部寄生单殖吸虫的种群研究.水生生物学报,2001,25(4):392-398][8] Yan P H.Ecologlcal studies on Monogenans parasitizing the gill of Acanthopagrus latus.[C].Proceedings of Symposium in memory of the 10 years foundation of the Chinese Parasitological Society,Chinese Zoological Society.Beijing:Science press.1995,98-102[颜培辉.池养黄鳍鲷单殖吸虫生态研究I种群数量的季节性变动与环境因素的关系.中国动物学会寄生虫专业学会成立十周年纪念论文集.北京:科学技术出版社.1995,98-102][9] Zhang J Y,Qiu Z Z,Ding X J,et al.,Parasites and Parasitic Diseases of Fishes.[M].Beijing:Science press.1999[张剑英,邱兆祉,丁雪娟,等.鱼类寄生虫与寄生虫病.北京:科学出版社.1999][10] Xia X Q,Wang W J,Yao W J,Dactylogyrus in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix:seasonal dynamics and frequency distribution of Dactylogyrus vsginulatus Zhang et Niu,1966(Monogenea)[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1999,23(3):235-239[夏晓勤、王伟俊、姚卫建.小鞘指环虫种群的季节动态.水生生物学报,1999,23(3):235-239]
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